Meningitis criptocóccica en pacientes sin infección por VIH: presentación de dos casos y revisión de la literatura

Abstract

Meningeal cryptococcosis in patients non infected with HIV: presentation of two cases and review of the literature Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease of global distribution with a higher incidence in developing countries, where it represents one of the main causes of meningitis, associated with high morbidity and mortality. It mainly occurs in patients with immunosuppression (due to HIV infection, glucocorticoid treatment, transplants, cancer, etc.). However, in recent years there has been an increase in cases in immunocompetent, which is as serious or more severe than in immunocompromised. We report two cases of cryptococcal meningitis. A 48-year-old male with no pathological history, in whom HIV infection or another cause of immunosuppression was ruled out, and a 67-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. The above mentioned highlights the importance of always considering Cryptococcus spp. as possible causative agent of meningitis, in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.

Análise clínica e epidemiológica da infecção por criptococose em pacientes do hospital de referência em doenças tropicais de Teresina, Brasil

“…A infecção criptocócica ocorre principalmente pela inalação de propágulos infecciosos de reservatórios ambientais, com deposição nos alvéolos pulmonares 10 . Uma vez dentro do corpo, o patógeno se espalha pelos tecidos sanguíneos e linfáticos, causando sintomas, preferencialmente, pelo acometimento do sistema nervoso central e globo ocular 11 .…”

Achados Epidemiológicos de Neurocriptococose em Pacientes Imunocompetentes: Relato de Casos de um Hospital Público de Joinville, Brasil

“…2 The presence of meningoencephalitis caused by Cryptococcus in immunocompetent patients has been described in some case reports over the world. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The Brazilian Ministry of Health began to consider cryptococcosis a mandatory reporting disease only in February 2020. Consequently, the prevalence of neurocryptococcosis in presumably immunocompetent patients has varied, ranging from 5% to 43% of the endemic cases described in the Southeast and North Regions of Brazil.…”