Menstrual cycle characteristics and associated physical problems among school going adolescent girls

Iyer, Pooja; Modi, Jyoti Nath

doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20150430

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Studies by P. Iyer et al and by S. Sinha et al, found the mean age at menarche to be 12.7 and 12.69 years respectively. 9,10 This trend of declining puberty has also been reported by several studies done in other countries, for instance, by Noipayak P et al, in 2017 in Dusit district, Bangkok and by Mpora BO, Piloya in northern Uganda.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

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A study of the factors affecting the receding age of onset of menarche in young girls

Dharmarha¹,

Konda²

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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INTRODUCTIONEarly age at menarche is a universal trend nowadays, and determining the correlating factors and associated consequences is important.Early menarche has biomedical, emotional, and sociocultural consequences, including predisposition to diseases such as cancer and heart disease and early participation in risky behaviours, such as cigarette smoking, drug abuse, and sexual activity. Early pubertal development is also linked with slightly decreased adult height and an increased risk for obesity, compared to later age of menarche.The aims and objectives of this study were to evaluate the age of menarche in adolescent girls, to detect the factors affecting age at menarche and to find the association of these factors with the age at menarche.The exact causes of a changing age at menarche are indefinite and multifactorial. Age at menarche depends ABSTRACT Background: Present study highlights that the worldwide trend of declining age at menarche is also seen in urban Indian girls. The aim of the study was to evaluate the age of menarche and to find out the factors associated with the timing of menarche. Methods: The study was an observational cross sectional study. 258 healthy, menstruating, adolescent girls aged 10-16 years, were selected by simple random sampling. Pre-designed structured questionnaires were distributed after taking informed consent. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques. The average age of menarche was calculated. The association of the age at menarche with the proposed factors was analyzed using chi square test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. "P value" less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results:The mean age at menarche was found to be 12.23±1.09 years. The study found a strong association between the respondent's age at menarche and her sister's age at menarche (p=0.002). The study also found a strong association between age at menarche and the socioeconomic status (p=0.021). This study however found no association of menarcheal age with factors like birth weight, type of diet, frequency of milk intake, body mass index, waist hip ratio, amount of exercise, unstable environment at home and psychosocial stress. Conclusions: The worldwide trend of declining age at menarche is also seen in urban Indian girls. This trend underlines the importance of investigating the factors associated with it and studying the future implications of a lower age at menarche.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Thus determining the age of menarche in our urban Indian population and the associated factors is of paramount importance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the factors affecting the receding age of onset of menarche in young girls

Dharmarha¹,

Konda²

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…3 23,24 Studies have shown optimum 3-5 days of flow is usual among girls and is considered normal besides comprehending above and below this range as heavy and scanty flow respectively. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Consistent with this in present study majority of girls 52.26% had 2-4 days bleeding followed by 5-7 days in 38.68% and small proportion had >8 days (5.4%) and <2 days (3.66%).…”

Section: Figure 4: Cycle Effect Of Menstruation On Daily Routine Of Asupporting

confidence: 83%

“…(Figure 4). [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] While considerably higher age of menarche has been reported by Kanotra et al in Maharashtra and Indupalli in Karnataka. 21,22 This variation may be due to the recall bias in latter studies as age of study subjects was higher and time between the occurrence of menarche and data collection was protracted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results have been reported in various Indian and International studies. 14,16,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Cakir et al found menstrual irregularity among 31.2%, which is quite high and may be due to different definition used in their study. 30 Studies have shown that nutrition may influence the menstrual pattern and keeping this in view in present study regularity was compared among the girls showing pallor, thinness and stunting and it was revealed that girls with absence of pallor were 1.2 (0.8-1.9) times more likely to have regular menstruation as compared to those showing pallor and, girls with normal height for age were 1.2 (0.6-2.0) times more likely to have regularity as compared to those with stunting.…”

Section: Figure 4: Cycle Effect Of Menstruation On Daily Routine Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pattern and features of menstruation among adolescent girls in Haldwani: a cross-sectional study

Goyal¹

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Menstruation becomes an important aspect in life of an adolescent girl once she attains puberty and is often associated with variable characteristics. Being a development process and a reported significant source of morbidity too, it becomes important to study its pattern and characteristics. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of menstruation among adolescent girls.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 574 adolescent girls of 10-19 years age of 6th to 12th grades in four selected government and private schools of Haldwani. Data was collected using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire with brief interview and examination. Analysis of data was done with help of SPSS version 21.Results: Mean age of the girls was 14.95±1.41 years. Mean age at menarche was 12.94±1.01 years. Majority of girls 441 (76.82%) had cycle length of 21-35 days and it was found that 95 (16.55%) girls had irregular menstrual periods. Rural and urban differences in regularity of menstruation were statistically significant. Duration of flow in majority 300 (52.26%) of girls was 2-4 days followed by 5-7 days in 222 (38.68%). Dysmenorrhoea was reported by 422 (73.52%) of adolescent girls and of them 259 (61.37%) have never used analgesics while 66 (15.63%) have always used analgesics. Girls with absence of pallor were 1.2 (0.8-1.9) times more likely to have regular menstruation as compared to those showing pallor.Conclusions: Irregular menstruation was common among girls and significant association was found with place of residence. Dysmenorrhoea was present in three-fourth of adolescent girls still majority of them have never used analgesics. Daily routine was affected in more than 80% of girls during menstruation.

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Factors Affecting the Receding Age of Onset of Menarche in Young Girls – An Observational Study

Ramesh

Spoorthi

Mounika

et al. 2020

IJAR

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Background: The time of first menarche is an important milestone in female sexual maturation. Studies have shown trends of decreasing age of menarche in most Indian states. Objective: To trace the factors associated with receding age at menarche and to evaluate the strength of association between those factors with receding age at menarche. Materials and methods: An observational study was done in the schools in Davangere from July 2018 to June 2019. 372 menstruating girls between the age of 9–15 years were included in the study. The participants data regarding chronological age, age of menarche, socioeconomic status, physical activity and diet were collected using a questionnaire. The anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques and general physical examination was done for all the participants. Results: The mean age of attainment of menarche was 11.94 ± 1.02 years. The study had a strong association between age at menarche and socioeconomic status (p<0.001). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) was inversely and significantly associated with age of menarche (p<0.01). Conclusion: The world wide trends of declining age of menarche were seen in our study too. The factors affecting being mother’s age of menarche, BMI, Waist circumference and higher socioeconomic status. This underline that further evaluation of factors associated with it and studying future implications of lower age at menarche is important.

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Menstrual cycle characteristics and associated physical problems among school going adolescent girls

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

A study of the factors affecting the receding age of onset of menarche in young girls

A study of the factors affecting the receding age of onset of menarche in young girls

Pattern and features of menstruation among adolescent girls in Haldwani: a cross-sectional study

Factors Affecting the Receding Age of Onset of Menarche in Young Girls – An Observational Study

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