Mental Health of Apprentices during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Austria and the Effect of Gender, Migration Background, and Work Situation

Dale, Rachel; O’Rourke, Teresa; Humer, Elke; Jesser, Andrea; Plener, Paul L.; Pieh, Christoph

doi:10.3390/ijerph18178933

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In fact, migrant women, especially young women, have the highest unemployment rate in Spain ( 18 ). Consistent with other studies, poor living conditions due to low-income levels may have made it harder to respect curfews or work from home ( 59 ). Hegemonic structure such as immigration law affects people, especially in employment systems, as well as through government policies and actions ( 5 , 60 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Self-Reported Anxiety in Spain: A Gendered Approach One Year After the Start of COVID-19 Pandemic

Jacques-Aviñó

López-Jiménez

Bennett

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on mental health. However, there is little evidence on how different axes of social inequity influence mental health from a gender perspective and over time. Our aim is to analyze anxiety according to gender identity and other axes of social inequities (migration status, sexual orientation, age, and employment conditions) one year after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain. We conducted a cross-sectional study among adults living in Spain with an online survey from April 8 to May 28, 2021. The main variable was anxiety measured by Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between axes of inequities and anxiety. Our findings (N = 2,053) suggest that women have greater anxiety risk than men (35.2 vs. 28.2%, respectively). We observe in both genders that there is a clear age gradient, with anxiety decreasing as age increases; and that there is an association between worsening employment status and anxiety risk, although there is a difference between women by education level. Additionally, not having Spanish nationality is also associated with greater anxiety risk in women. In men, identifying as non-heterosexual is associated with a higher risk of anxiety. The axes of inequities have different effects according to gender identity. These differences in anxiety risk by population subgroup must be taken into account in order to sensibly and equitably treat the surge in mental health disorders brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Self-Reported Anxiety in Spain: A Gendered Approach One Year After the Start of COVID-19 Pandemic

Jacques-Aviñó

López-Jiménez

Bennett

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…In contrast, other studies, for example, from China and Austria, did not find an independent industry effect on employee mental health. 34 , 35 These opposing results might be due to the different national circumstances and suggest that differences in mental health might be due to the specific work situation rather than the industry. Furthermore, this study showed an increase in MD over the course of the pandemic, so the timing of a survey should always be considered when comparing different studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Mental Distress Among Employees From Different Occupational Groups and Industries During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany

Casjens

Taeger

Brüning

et al. 2022

J Occup Environ Med

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Objective: Mental distress of employees from the financial, public transport, public service, and industrial sector was examined in a cross-sectional study during the second COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) wave in Germany and retrospectively at its beginning. Methods: Mental distress in terms of anxiety and depression symptoms was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. High and potential occupational SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection risk (OSIR) was defined based on job information from 1545 non-health care workers. Results: The risks for more severe mental distress symptoms increased threefold and twofold, respectively, among employees with high and potential OSIR compared with employees without OSIR. Mental distress severity differed by the extent of work-privacy conflicts, perceived job protection, interactions with colleagues, and overcommitment. Conclusions: Reducing COVID-19 exposure through workplace protective measures, strengthening interactions among colleagues, and supporting employees with work-privacy conflicts could help better protect employees' mental health.

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“…We chose these variables because previous research indicated that gender and migration background significantly impact adolescents’ mental health [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Dale et al [ 25 ] showed that apprentices have worse mental health than high school students. For this reason, we excluded respondents who reported being apprentices, not attending a school at all, or doing something else, thereby focusing on young people attending compulsory school or some form of secondary school.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

School Students’ Concerns and Support after One Year of COVID-19 in Austria: A Qualitative Study Using Content Analysis

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Adolescents suffer severely from the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using qualitative content analysis, this study examined open-ended responses to a survey on the mental health of school students in Austria in February 2021. A representative sample (n = 214) was drawn from a total survey sample of 3052 adolescents aged 14–20. The analysis revealed several areas of concern, including school-related concerns, concerns about restrictions, self-related concerns, and interpersonal problems. School-related concerns associated with distance learning were mentioned most frequently. Compared with research conducted at the beginning of the pandemic, it appeared that concerns about educational and professional futures increased. The analysis also indicated young people’s most important sources of support, such as social contacts, recreational activities, attitudes and abilities, distraction, and escape. Of concern is the proportion of young people citing maladaptive coping strategies and the reluctance to seek professional support. Ideas for practice-oriented measures were developed from the study results, such as embedding youth-led peer interventions in traditional mental health services.

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Mental Health of Apprentices during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Austria and the Effect of Gender, Migration Background, and Work Situation

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Self-Reported Anxiety in Spain: A Gendered Approach One Year After the Start of COVID-19 Pandemic

Self-Reported Anxiety in Spain: A Gendered Approach One Year After the Start of COVID-19 Pandemic

Altered Mental Distress Among Employees From Different Occupational Groups and Industries During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany

School Students’ Concerns and Support after One Year of COVID-19 in Austria: A Qualitative Study Using Content Analysis

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