Merthiolate as a Germicide*

Powell, H. M.; Jamieson, W. A.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117118

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Toxicity tests conducted before marketing thimerosal in 1931 in several animal species involved high (≤45 mg Hg/kg) acute doses with only a short follow-up period (67). The studies have little relevance to today's concern over risks from low doses from vaccines.…”

Section: Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three modern faces of mercury.

Clarkson

2002

Environ Health Perspect

883

546

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Section: Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The three modern faces of mercury.

Clarkson

2002

Environ Health Perspect

883

546

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“…Ethylmercury thiosalicylate, also known under the trade names thimerosal and merthiolate (American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 1999), was introduced as a preservative in vaccines in the 1930s, after a series of studies in several animal species and humans provided evidence for its safety and effectiveness (Powell and Jamieson 1931). Thimerosal in concentrations of 0.001% (1 part in 100,000) to 0.01% (1 part in 10,000) has been shown to be effective in clearing a broad spectrum of pathogens.…”

Section: Use Of Thimerosal In Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Neuropathological Conditions Relevant to Ethylmercury Exposure?

Aschner

Ceccatelli

2009

Neurotox Res

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Mercury and mercurial compounds are among the environmentally ubiquitous substances most toxic to both wildlife and humans. Once released into the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources, mercury exists mainly as three different molecular species: elemental, inorganic, and organic. Potential health risks have been reported from exposure to all forms; however, of particular concern for human exposure relate to the potent neurotoxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg), especially for the developing nervous system. The general population is primarily exposed to MeHg by seafood consumption. In addition, some pharmaceuticals, including vaccines, have been, and some continue to be, a ubiquitous source of exposure to mercurials. A significant controversy has been whether the vaccine preservative ethylmercury thiosalicylate, commonly known as thimerosal, could cause the development of autism. In this review, we have discussed the hypothesis that exposure to thimerosal during childhood may be a primary cause of autism. The conclusion is that there are no reliable data indicating that administration of vaccines containing thimerosal is a primary cause of autism. However, one cannot rule out the possibility that the individual gene profile and/or gene-environment interactions may play a role in modulating the response to acquired risk by modifying the individual susceptibility.

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“…The metabolism and toxic effects of phenyl mercuric compounds, of which Merthiolate is one, have been extensively investigated in animals (Powell & Jameson, 1931;Miller et al, 1960;Ladd Goldwater & Jacobs, 1964;Friberg, Odeblad & Forssman, 1957). After subcutaneous, intravenous or intramuscular injections of phenyl mercuric acetate or nitrate, the unchanged compounds are excreted in the urine or can be recovered from the body tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intravenous Merthiolate has been used in the treatment of subacute bacterial endocarditis with no apparent ill-effects (Powell & Jameson, 1931). However, the doses were very small.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%