Mesenchymal and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: The New Frontier for Regenerative Medicine?

Barreca, Maria Magdalena; Cancemi, Patrizia; Geraci, Fabiana

doi:10.3390/cells9051163

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 224 publications

(256 reference statements)

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“…Although MSCs are known to be mediated through cell-cell communication, their secretome-rich cytokines, chemokines, micro-RNA, as well as different growth factors, involved in biological pathways, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and senescence [107,108], make them particularly suited to use in cell-based therapies. These secretomes are made up of extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes [109][110][111], which can be characterized using specific International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) guidelines. According to the ISCT, while positively expressing the stromal markers CD73 and CD105, MSCs negatively express the hematopoietic markers CD14, CD34 and CD45 [112].…”

Section: Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells Of Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Aheget

Tristán‐Manzano

Mazini

et al. 2020

JCM

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Summary: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by the vast majority of cell types both in vivo and ex vivo, upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the cellular plasma membrane. Two main functions have been attributed to exosomes: their capacity to transport proteins, lipids and nucleic acids between cells and organs, as well as their potential to act as natural intercellular communicators in normal biological processes and in pathologies. From a clinical perspective, the majority of applications use exosomes as biomarkers of disease. A new approach uses exosomes as biologically active carriers to provide a platform for the enhanced delivery of cargo in vivo. One of the major limitations in developing exosome-based therapies is the difficulty of producing sufficient amounts of safe and efficient exosomes. The identification of potential proteins involved in exosome biogenesis is expected to directly cause a deliberate increase in exosome production. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding exosomes, with particular emphasis on their structural features, biosynthesis pathways, production techniques and potential clinical applications.

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Section: Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem/stromal Cells Of Diffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Aheget

Tristán‐Manzano

Mazini

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…The therapeutic effect of stem and progenitor cells is attributable not only to their engraftment capacity or their ability to differentiate at the site of damage but due to the paracrine mechanisms which they exert [ 34 ]. It is established that this activity is a result of EVs [ 23 ].…”

Section: Cellular Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining a Regulatory Strategy for ATMP/Aerosol Delivery Device Combinations in the Treatment of Respiratory Disease

Woods

MacLoughlin

2020

Pharmaceutics

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Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products (ATMP) are a heterogenous group of investigational medicinal products at the forefront of innovative therapies with direct applicability in respiratory diseases. ATMPs include, but are not limited to, stem cells, their secretome, or extracellular vesicles, and each have shown some potential when delivered topically within the lung. This review focuses on that subset of ATMPs. One key mode of delivery that has enabling potential in ATMP validation is aerosol-mediated delivery. The selection of the most appropriate aerosol generator technology is influenced by several key factors, including formulation, patient type, patient intervention, and healthcare economics. The aerosol-mediated delivery of ATMPs has shown promise for the treatment of both chronic and acute respiratory disease in pre-clinical and clinical trials; however, in order for these ATMP device combinations to translate from the bench through to commercialization, they must meet the requirements set out by the various global regulatory bodies. In this review, we detail the potential for ATMP utility in the lungs and propose the nebulization of ATMPs as a viable route of administration in certain circumstances. Further, we provide insight to the current regulatory guidance for nascent ATMP device combination product development within the EU and US.

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“…In addition, there is a lack of consensus on procedure standardization. Different studies are currently being carried out aiming to establish, for example, the proper number of doses and/or cells per treatment necessary to achieve an optimal functional effect [ 155 ] and to improve the so far poor cell engraftment [ 159 ]. Once these issues are solved, translational research will be the way forward; however, as discussed above, the autologous use of iPSCs for regenerative medicine purposes is still under debate due to the high costs associated with their generation [ 37 ].…”

Section: Limitations Challenges and Future Directions Of Ipscs Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for Improving the Knowledge on Musculoskeletal Diseases

Sanjurjo‐Rodríguez

Castro-Viñuelas

Piñeiro-Ramil

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an unlimited source of pluripotent cells capable of differentiating into any cell type of the body. Several studies have demonstrated the valuable use of iPSCs as a tool for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying disorders affecting bone, cartilage and muscle, as well as their potential for tissue repair. Musculoskeletal diseases are one of the major causes of disability worldwide and impose an important socio-economic burden. To date there is neither cure nor proven approach for effectively treating most of these conditions and therefore new strategies involving the use of cells have been increasingly investigated in the recent years. Nevertheless, some limitations related to the safety and differentiation protocols among others remain, which humpers the translational application of these strategies. Nonetheless, the potential is indisputable and iPSCs are likely to be a source of different types of cells useful in the musculoskeletal field, for either disease modeling or regenerative medicine. In this review, we aim to illustrate the great potential of iPSCs by summarizing and discussing the in vitro tissue regeneration preclinical studies that have been carried out in the musculoskeletal field by using iPSCs.

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Mesenchymal and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: The New Frontier for Regenerative Medicine?

Cited by 57 publications

References 224 publications

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Defining a Regulatory Strategy for ATMP/Aerosol Delivery Device Combinations in the Treatment of Respiratory Disease

Versatility of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) for Improving the Knowledge on Musculoskeletal Diseases

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