Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Management of COVID19-Associated Lung Injury: A Review on Publications, Clinical Trials and Patent Landscape

Krishnan, Anand; Muthusamy, Senthilkumar; Fernandez, Francis; Kasoju, Naresh

doi:10.1007/s13770-022-00441-9

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…MSC‐derived sEVs can treat viral infection and lung damage in COVID‐19 through both reparative effects and regenerative actions. [ 198 ] The former is exemplified by blockage of viral entry and replication, and suppression of the cytokine storm, whereas the latter by prevention of inflammation, and fluid‐clearance and restoration of lung permeability. Furthermore, sEVs can be engineered into a drug (e.g., CD24, a potent immune regulator) delivery platform [ 199 ] and even a vaccine.…”

Section: Difficulties and Challenges Before Clinical Translation Of B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterial‐Facilitated Local Delivery of Stem Cell‐Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: Perspectives in Surgical Therapy

Tan,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Advanced Therapeutics

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Stem cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles that are either naturally produced or pharmacogenetically engineered have shown tremendous potential in regenerative medicine in recent years. These sEVs exert multiple therapeutic effects comparable or superior to their parental stem cells while avoiding the limitations of stem cell‐based therapy, such as infusion toxicity, immunogenicity, tumorigenic potential, and ethical issues. The two routine modalities of sEV administration are systemic injection and local delivery, each presenting distinct benefits and drawbacks. Various biomaterials have been developed to assist their local delivery to improve the targeting of organs, minimize non‐specific accumulation in vital organs, and ensure the protection and release of sEVs. Based on a thorough search and meticulous dissection of relevant literature from the past five years, we present this comprehensive, up‐to‐date, specialty‐specific, disease‐oriented, and preclinical review to expound on the surgical application and potential of stem cell‐derived sEVs. The local delivery of stem cell‐derived sEVs, which possess similar indications as systemic transfer, could treat numerous diseases encountered in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, cardiothoracic surgery, general surgery, urology, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, obstetrics and gynecology, and dental surgery. In addition, the biomaterials utilized encompass a wide range of sources (e.g., natural, synthetic, and hybrid polymers), format (e.g., scaffold, patch, spray, microneedle), and responsiveness (e.g., temperature, pH, and protein), which enables customized sEV therapy tailored to specific diseases. This review demonstrates biomaterial‐facilitated local delivery of stem cell‐derived sEVs as a viable alternative or even a superior option to systemic sEV therapy. Future collaboration among surgeons, biomaterial scientists, and stem cell researchers is essential to advance this research area.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Difficulties and Challenges Before Clinical Translation Of B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterial‐Facilitated Local Delivery of Stem Cell‐Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: Perspectives in Surgical Therapy

Tan,

Xu,

et al. 2024

Advanced Therapeutics

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“…EVs from MSCs have been reported to have similar therapeutic effects to MSCs because they have active biomolecules analogous to MSCs and because EVs from MSCs are responsible for the paracrine effect of MSCs in MSC cell therapies [ 120 ]. Researchers have been testing stem-cell-derived EVs for the management of COVID-19, and the majority of these EVs are in clinical trials as summarized by Krishan et al [ 121 ].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cell (Msc)-derived Evs In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics to Combat COVID-19

Mustajab

Kwamboka

Choi

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a deep impact on people worldwide since late 2019 when SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in Wuhan, China. In addition to its effect on public health, it has affected humans in various aspects of life, including social, economic, cultural, and political. It is also true that researchers have made vigorous efforts to overcome COVID-19 throughout the world, but they still have a long way to go. Accordingly, innumerable therapeutics and vaccine candidates have been studied for their efficacies and have been tried clinically in a very short span of time. For example, the versatility of extracellular vesicles, which are membrane-bound particles released from all types of cells, have recently been highlighted in terms of their effectiveness, biocompatibility, and safety in the fight against COVID-19. Thus, here, we tried to explain the use of extracellular vesicles as therapeutics and for the development of vaccines against COVID-19. Along with the mechanisms and a comprehensive background of their application in trapping the coronavirus or controlling the cytokine storm, we also discuss the obstacles to the clinical use of extracellular vesicles and how these could be resolved in the future.

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“…They also found a reduction in CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer levels of 77% ( p < 0.001), 43% ( p < 0.001), and 42% ( p < 0.05) [ 217 ]. The main trials using MSCs-derived EVs in COVID-19 have been described in a review recently published by Krishnan et al [ 218 ].…”

Section: Perspectives For the Study Of Mscs In Sepsis Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Sepsis and Genesis of Septic Shock: The Critical Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Daniel

Bedoui

Vagner

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The treatment of sepsis and septic shock remains a major public health issue due to the associated morbidity and mortality. Despite an improvement in the understanding of the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying its genesis and a growing number of studies exploring an even higher range of targeted therapies, no significant clinical progress has emerged in the past decade. In this context, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appear more and more as an attractive approach for cell therapy both in experimental and clinical models. Pre-clinical data suggest a cornerstone role of these cells and their secretome in the control of the host immune response. Host-derived factors released from infected cells (i.e., alarmins, HMGB1, ATP, DNA) as well as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g., LPS, peptidoglycans) can activate MSCs located in the parenchyma and around vessels to upregulate the expression of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors that influence, respectively, immune cell recruitment and stem cell mobilization. However, the way in which MSCs exert their beneficial effects in terms of survival and control of inflammation in septic states remains unclear. This review presents the interactions identified between MSCs and mediators of immunity and tissue repair in sepsis. We also propose paradigms related to the plausible roles of MSCs in the process of sepsis and septic shock. Finally, we offer a presentation of experimental and clinical studies and open the way to innovative avenues of research involving MSCs from a prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic point of view in sepsis.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in the Management of COVID19-Associated Lung Injury: A Review on Publications, Clinical Trials and Patent Landscape

Cited by 18 publications

References 115 publications

Biomaterial‐Facilitated Local Delivery of Stem Cell‐Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: Perspectives in Surgical Therapy

Biomaterial‐Facilitated Local Delivery of Stem Cell‐Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: Perspectives in Surgical Therapy

Update on Extracellular Vesicle-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics to Combat COVID-19

Pathophysiology of Sepsis and Genesis of Septic Shock: The Critical Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

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