Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Isolation, In Vitro Expansion and Characterization

Nardi, Nance Beyer; Meirelles, Lindolfo da Silva

doi:10.1007/3-540-31265-x_11

Cited by 352 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 134 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

196

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to obtaining MSC from these adult tissues, MSC have also been found in various foetal tissues (In't Anker et al, 2003) not exclusive of the placenta (In't Anker et al, 2004), Wharton's jelly of the umbilical cord (Wang et al, 2004), umbilical veins and umbilical cord blood (Erices et al, 2000). The various methods for isolation and culture of MSC has recently been reviewed elsewhere (Beyer Nardi & da Silva Meirelles, 2006); briefly MSC represent a very small fraction of the cells from the afore mentioned sources with only 0AE001-0AE01% of the 1AE077 g/ml density gradient-isolated cells from a BM aspirate belonging to this population (Pittenger et al, 1999). However, as their stem cell nature suggests, they have an outstanding expansive capacity with the possibility of generating a 500-fold increase in cell number over a 12-d period of in vitro culture (Sekiya et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances into the understanding of mesenchymal stem cell trafficking

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe use of adult stem cells to regenerate damaged tissue circumvents the moral and technical issues associated with the use of those from an embryonic source. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be isolated from a variety of tissues, most commonly from the bone marrow, and, although they represent a very small percentage of these cells, are easily expandable. Recently, the use of MSC has provided clinical benefit to patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, graft-versushost disease and myocardial infarction. The cellular cues that enabled the MSC to be directed to the sites of tissue damage and the mechanisms by which MSC then exert their therapeutic effect are becoming clearer. This review discusses the relative therapeutic importance of the ability of MSC to differentiate into multiple cell lineages or stimulate resident or attracted cells via a paracrine mode of action. It also reviews recent findings that MSC home to damaged tissues in a similar, but somewhat distinct, manner to that of leucocytes via the utilisation of adhesion molecules, such as selectins and integrins, and chemokines and their receptors in a manner reminiscent of leucocytes trafficking from the blood stream to inflammatory sites.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances into the understanding of mesenchymal stem cell trafficking

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MSCs are of interest because of the multiple roles they perform. Besides differentiation into mesenchymal tissues, MSCs support hematopoiesis and contribute to the homeostatic maintenance of many organs and tissues (Prockop, 1997;Beyer Nardi and da Silva Meirelles, 2006;Sethe et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BRG1 ATPase of chromatin remodeling complexes is involved in modulation of mesenchymal stem cell senescence through RB–P53 pathways

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We focused our attention on brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1), the ATPase subunit of the SWItch/Sucrose NonFermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, and analyzed its role in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) biology. We hypothesized that deviation from the correct concentration of these proteins, which act at the highest level of gene regulation, may be deleterious for cells. We wanted to know what would happen if a cell had to cope with altered regulation of gene expression, either by upregulation or downregulation of BRG1. We assumed that cells would try to restore homeostasis or, alternatively, that the event could trigger senescence/apoptosis phenomena. To this end, in MSCs, we silenced BRG1gene. Knockdown of BRG1 expression induced a significant increase in senescent cells and decrease in apoptotic cells. It is interesting that BRG1 downregulation also induced an increase in heterochromatin. At the molecular level, these phenomena were associated with activation of retinoblastoma-like protein 2 (RB2)/P130-and P53-related pathways. Senescence was accompanied by reduced expression of some stemness-related genes. This is consistent with our previous research, which showed that BRG1 upregulation by ectopic expression also induced senescence processes. Together, these data suggest that BRG1 belongs to a class of genes whose expression is tightly regulated; hence, subtle alterations in BRG1 activity seem to negatively affect mechanisms regulating chromatin status and, in turn, impair cellular physiology.

show abstract

“…Following their initial discovery, various groups have identified the cells' ability to differentiate into multiple connective tissue cell types, including fat, tendon, cartilage, and bone [2][3][4][5][6]. Chondrogenesis occurs via multiple stages that are initiated by cell condensation driven by upregulated N-cadherin, neural cell adhesion molecule, and fibronectin, which promote cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%