Mesenchymal stromal cell and osteoblast responses to oxidized titanium surfaces pre-treated with λ = 808 nm GaAlAs diode laser or chlorhexidine: in vitro study

Abstract

Preservation of implant biocompatibility following peri-implantitis treatments is a crucial issue in odontostomatological practice, being closely linked to implant re-osseointegration. Our aim was to assess the responses of osteoblast-like Saos2 cells and adult human bone marrow-mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to oxidized titanium surfaces (TiUnite, TiU) pre-treated with a 808 ± 10 nm GaAlAs diode laser operating in non-contact mode, in continuous (2 W, 400 J/cm; CW) or pulsed (20 kHz, 7 μs, 0.44 W, 88 J/cm; PW) wave, previously demonstrated to have a strong bactericidal effect and proposed as optional treatment for peri-implantitis. The biocompatibility of TiU surfaces pre-treated with chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) was also evaluated. In particular, in order to mimic the in vivo approach, TiU surfaces were pre-treated with CHX (0.2%, 5 min); CHX and rinse; and CHX, rinse and air drying. In some experiments, the cells were cultured on untreated TiU before being exposed to CHX. Cell viability (MTS assay), proliferation (EdU incorporation assay; Ki67 confocal immunofluorescence analysis), adhesion (morphological analysis of actin cytoskeleton organization), and osteogenic differentiation (osteopontin confocal immunofluorescence analysis; mineralized bone-like nodule formation) analyses were performed. CHX resulted cytotoxic in all experimental conditions. Diode laser irradiation preserved TiU surface biocompatibility. Notably, laser treatment appeared even to improve the known osteoconductive properties of TiU surfaces. Within the limitations of an in vitro experimentation, this study contributes to provide additional experimental basis to support the potential use of 808 ± 10 nm GaAlAs diode laser at the indicated irradiation setting, in the treatment of peri-implantitis and to discourage the use of CHX.

Red (635 nm), Near-Infrared (808 nm) and Violet-Blue (405 nm) Photobiomodulation Potentiality on Human Osteoblasts and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Morphological and Molecular In Vitro Study

“…Human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hMSCs) were isolated from iliac crest and aspirates of normal donors, cultured and immunophenotypically and morphologically characterized as previously reported [ 83 ]. All donors gave their informed consent before being included in the study which.…”

“…Fluorescent analysis of mineralized bone-like nodule structures (Ca 2+ deposits) formation was performed by using Fluorescent Osteolmage™ Mineralization assay (Lonza Walkersville, Inc., Walkersville, MD, USA) essentially as previously reported [ 83 ]. The fluorescent Osteolmage™ staining reagent can bind the hydroxyapatite portion of the bone-like nodules peculiar of the mature osteoblastic cells.…”

Análise Do Percentual De Colágeno Na Dentina Humana Entre Diferentes Etnias, Gêneros E Idades

“…There are countless tests that evaluate cell viability, however, some stand out for being widely used. Among these testes, MTT (Aranha, 2014;Abreu, 2008;Gau, Lai, Leung, 2012;Junior, 2012;Wu et al, 2017;Baili et al, 2016;Galeotti et al, 2013;Hao et al, 2017;Kandiah et al, 2017;Karahalil et al, 2014;Preedy, Perni, Prokopovich, 2017;Silva, 2011;Subramani et al, 2016), MTS (Silva, 2011;Chellini et al, 2017, Gosau et al, 2016Lee et al, 2017), XTT (Aranha, 2014;Coelho, 2013, Fotakis e Timbrell, 2006, Neutral Red (Abreu, 2008;Azevedo, Cruz, Pinto, 2006;Pereira, 2008;Rogero et al, 2003), Alamar Blue (Aranha, 2014;Gao, Lai, Leung, 2012;Gosau et al, 2016;Alqhtani et al, 2017), and the synthesis of nitric oxide (Felgueiras, 2011;Parida et al, 2017;Silva, 2017;Yarlagadda et al, 2017;Zhang, Li, Yang, 2015) can be mentioned.…”

Surface property alterations and osteoblast attachment to contaminated titanium surfaces after different surface treatments: An in vitro study

“…24 Another randomized clinical trial using 0.1% chlorhexidine gel as a local delivery showed limited probing depth reduction indicating that chlorhexidine has limited anti-microbial effects on peri-implantitis lesions. [28][29][30] However, surface morphology, property alterations, and bacterial residue on titanium surfaces have not been fully investigated. [22][23][24][25][26] These methods may have failed because of the residual biofilms, which may impair osteoblast viability, and the removal of biofilms alone cannot reestablish the biocompatibility of titanium surfaces.…”

“…Previous in vitro studies have mainly focused on the biocompatibility of osteoblast cells with titanium surfaces after various treatments. [28][29][30] However, surface morphology, property alterations, and bacterial residue on titanium surfaces have not been fully investigated. In addition, the factors that might interfere with osteoblast adhesion or proliferation have not been discussed.…”