Mesenteric Lymph Drainage Improves Cardiac Papillary Contractility and Calcium Sensitivity in Rats with Hemorrhagic Shock

Abstract

Background: Myocardial dysfunction is an important adverse factor of hemorrhagic shock that induces refractory hypotension, and post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) return is involved in this adverse effect. This study investigated whether mesenteric lymph drainage (MLD) improves PHSML return-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction via the restoration of cardiomyocyte calcium sensitivity. Materials and methods:A hemorrhage shock model was established by using a controlled hemorrhage through the femoral artery that maintained a mean arterial pressure of 40 ± 2 mmHg for 3 h. MLD and mesenteric lymph duct ligation (MLDL) were performed from 1 to 3 h during hypotension. The papillary muscles of the heart were collected for measurement of calmodulin expression and for determining contractile responses to either isoprenaline or calcium. Results:The results showed that either MLD or MLDL reversed the hemorrhagic shockinduced downregulation of calmodulin expression, a marker protein of cardiomyocyte calcium sensitization, in papillary muscles. MLD also improved the decreased contractile response and ±df/dt of the papillary muscle strip to gradient isoprenaline or calcium caused by hemorrhagic shock. Conclusion:These findings indicate that increased cardiac contractibility may be associated with the restoration of calcium sensitivity produced by PHSML drainage.

Articles on hemorrhagic shock published between 2000 and 2021: A CiteSpace-Based bibliometric analysis

“…The cause of calcium desensitization may be related to mesenteric lymphatic reflux [ 91 ]. Mesenteric lymphatic drainage can restore calcium sensitivity [ 92 ]. #15dysfunction mainly refers to various dysfunctions caused by hemorrhagic shock, such as mitochondrial dysfunction [ 93 ], liver and kidney dysfunction [ 94 ], and multi-organ failure in severe cases [ 95 ].…”

TLR2/TLR4-Enhanced TIPE2 Expression Is Involved in Post-Hemorrhagic Shock Mesenteric Lymph-Induced Activation of CD4+T Cells

“…Recent studies have found that the return of the posthemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph (PHSML) as toxic product into the circulation is a key mechanism for multi-organ failure and organic immune dysfunction (11)(12)(13). Studies have shown that the PHSML causes multiple organ damage by elevating large amounts of cytokines (14).…”