Mesenteric lymph duct ligation against renal injury in rats after hemorrhagic shock

Abstract

Background: The kidney is a common target in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The aim of this study is to determine the role of intestinal lymphatic pathway on renal injury in hemorrhagic shock rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was induced in the shock and ligation groups. After resuscitation, the mesenteric lymph ducts were ligated in the ligation group. Blood from the carotid artery was taken to determine renal functional indices. The kidneys were used to observe histomorphological changes at 6 h after resuscitation. In addition, kidney homogenate was used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels at 90 min after shock and 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. And the survival rate of 24 h was recorded. Results: The survival rate in shock group was obviously lower than sham and ligation groups. The urea and creatinine contents in the serum of shock and ligation groups were significantly higher than the sham group; the indices in the ligation group were significantly lower than the shock group. Histological studies showed various degrees of renal injury in the shock and ligation groups with a lesser severity in the ligation group. MDA, TNFa, IL-6, and MPO in renal homogenate of the shock group were raised, and the activity of SOD was lower in comparison to the sham group. Further, MDA, TNFa, IL-6, and MPO in renal homogenate of the ligation group at 6, 12, and 24 h were lower, and the SOD activity was higher than that of the shock group at the same time points. Conclusion: The mesenteric lymph duct ligation could be used to attenuate renal injury in shock rats. Its mechanism might be related to reducing the polymorph nuclear (PMN) and decreasing inflammatory mediator and free radical.

Mesenteric lymph duct ligation after hemorrhagic shock enhances the ATP level and ATPase activity in rat kidneys

“…However, the ATP levels sequentially decreased and remained low from 3 h to 12 h, likely because of the kidney injury, which has been verified in a previous study. 5 Moreover, the ATP content increased at 24 h after resuscitation, which helped these animals survive. Hence, the energy metabolism disorder not only causes cell injury, but also results from cell injury.…”

“…The beneficial effect is realized by reducing the inflammatory response, 5 meanwhile, it is related to improving energy metabolism through the result of MLDL on ATP in this study. However, more research is needed to determine whether MLDL can lower lactic acid content and improve acid-base status.…”

“…After 10 min of stabilization, hemorrhage was performed using an automatic withdrawal-infusion machine (ZCZ-50, Zhejiang University Medical Ltd., Hangzhou, China) within 3 min, low pressure was maintained for 90 min, and fluid resuscitation was conducted within 20 min, as previously reported. 5 After resuscitation, all rats received abdominal operations: the mesenteric lymph duct was ligated in the rats of the ligation group, whereas only cotton was threaded below the mesenteric lymph duct of the rats in the shock group. The rats of the sham group were anesthetized and subjected to neck and abdominal surgery as described above, excluding the hemorrhage and resuscitation.…”

“…4 MLDL also attenuates kidney injury in hemorrhagic shock rats, and the underlying mechanism might be related to reduced detainment of polymorph nuclear neutrophils (PMN) and decreased inflammatory response and oxidative stress. 5 Hence, post-hemorrhagic mesenteric lymph return plays an important role in multiple organ injury. 6,7 Several studies have suggested that energy metabolism disturbances play an important role in organ injury after hemorrhagic shock, which can be alleviated by administering ATP-MgCl 2 and sex steroids.…”

The Mechanism of Spleen Injury in Rabbits with Acute Renal Failure

“…MPO is an enzyme that is found predominantly in the azurophilic granules of PMN. Tissue MPO activity correlates significantly with the number of PMN in insulted tissues 16 and is frequently utilized to estimate tissue PMN. The results suggest that during the process of ARF, PMN in spleen tissue increased robustly, which may be involved in the hemorheological disturbances 15 or the overexpression of intercellular adhesion molecules.…”