Meso-scale Simulation of Typhoon Generated Storm Surge: Methodology and Shanghai Case Study

Abstract

Abstract. The increasing vulnerability of coastal mega-cities to storm surge inundation means both infrastructure and populations are subject to significant threat. Planning for further urban development should include consideration of the 10 changing circumstances in coastal cities to ensure a sustainable future. A sustainable urban plan relies on well preparedness and prediction of future climate change and multiple natural hazards. In light of these needs for urban planning, this paper develops a general method to simulate typhoon generated storm surge at the meso-scale (1 -100 km in length). Meso-scale simulation provides a general approach that could be implemented to fulfil the purpose of planning, and has relatively low requirements for computation time and data, while still providing reasonable accuracy. The case study of Shanghai was chosen 15 to implement this method. The meso-scale simulated results of two historical typhoons not only provides a realistic result at the city level, but is also suitable for implementing a large amount of simulations for future scenario studies. The method is generally applicable to all coastal cities around the world to examine the effect of future climate change on typhoon generated storm surge, even where historical observed data are inadequate or not available.

Study of the Effect of an Environmentally Friendly Flood Risk Reduction Approach on the Oman Coastlines during the Gonu Tropical Cyclone (Case Study: The Coastline of Sur)

“…The data were obtained using the available international databases, which are given in Table 2. One of the principal constituents for the modelling in storm condition is the precise wind and pressure field because the wind and pressure cause shear stresses, which made surge current and wave [23,24]. If the available wind fields cannot capture the cyclone wind fields or wind data are not available at all, then the charts of atmospheric surface pressure can be used [25].…”

A Numerical Study on Storm Surge Dynamics Caused by Tropical Depression 29W in the Pahang Region

“…This is particularly true for the WNP, especially the South China Sea (SCS), where numerical models are underutilized despite promising developments, such as PSU/NCR-MM5 [39] and surge studies specific to Peninsular Malaysia (PM) [56,57]. While MIKE21 modules are employed in countries like Bangladesh, the Philippines, China, and Australia [58][59][60][61], their use on the PM coast is limited. The closest application was by the authors of [62], who simulated anticipated surge heights in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia (ECPM).…”