Mesosphere Ozone and the Lower Ionosphere under Plasma Disturbance by Powerful High-Frequency Radio Emission

Abstract

We present the results of experiments on the Earth’s lower ionosphere at mesospheric heights by creating artificial periodic irregularities (APIs) of the ionospheric plasma and simultaneous measurement of the atmospheric emission spectrum in the ozone line by ground-based microwave radiometry when the ionosphere was disturbed by powerful high-frequency radio emission from the midlatitude SURA heating facility (56.15 °N; 46.11°E). The diagnostics of the ionosphere was carried out on the basis of measuring amplitudes and phases of signals scattered by periodic irregularities in the altitude range of 50–130 km. For each heating session lasting 30 min, two ozone spectra were measured. These spectra were compared with the measured spectra the periods when heating was turned off. During the heating session of the ionosphere, a decrease in the intensity of the microwave radiation of the atmosphere in the ozone line was observed. The lower ionosphere was characterized by intense dynamics. Rapid variations in the amplitude of the scattered signal and the relaxation time of artificial periodic irregularities were observed. The velocity of a regular vertical movement in the D-region of the ionosphere constantly varied direction with average minute values up to 4–5 m/s. We assume the decrease in the ozone emission spectrum at the altitude of 60 km can be explained by an increase in the coefficient of electron attachment to oxygen molecules during heating sessions. The lower boundary of the region enriched with atomic oxygen was estimated from the height profile of the API relaxation time.

Natural Disasters are Not All Natural

“…The 1999 European Parliament report states that HAARP created holes in the ionosphere and can be used as a directed energy weapon to induce climate disruption and manipulate global weather patterns [36,12]. When the ionosphere was heated by an IH (SURA (Russia)), a decrease (up to 20%) in the intensity of the ozone emission spectrum (mesosphere: 60 km) was measured [37].…”

“…Atmospheric gravity waves, which appear during vertical movements of air parcels, can have a powerful impact on the behavior of extreme weather events (rain and temperature extremes, hurricanes, tornadoes, tsunamis) [38]. Studies have shown that a powerful radio emission from HAARP or SURA generates atmospheric gravity and acoustic waves in the ionosphere [37,39,40,41,42]. Internal gravity waves generated by ionospheric heating, including in the upper atmosphere, propagating down to mesospheric heights, change the temperature of the mesosphere [37].…”

“…Studies have shown that a powerful radio emission from HAARP or SURA generates atmospheric gravity and acoustic waves in the ionosphere [37,39,40,41,42]. Internal gravity waves generated by ionospheric heating, including in the upper atmosphere, propagating down to mesospheric heights, change the temperature of the mesosphere [37]. Eastlund specified in his patent that generation of heated air regions by powerful IH enables to deposit energy in the air of tropospheric regions that can generate atmospheric acoustic waves or atmospheric gravity waves to modify the steering winds for meteorological modification purposes.…”

ELF/VLF Wave Radiation Experiment by Modulated Ionospheric Heating Based on Multi-Source Observations at EISCAT

“…Ground-based facilities using high-power high-frequency (HF) radio waves inject energy into the ionosphere through wave-particle and wave-wave interactions; this can artificially and temporarily change the local state of the ionosphere and cause various perturbation phenomena, such as electron-temperature enhancements, electron density fluctuations, stimulated electromagnetic emissions (SEEs), optical emissions, and extremely low frequency (ELF)/very low frequency (VLF) "virtual antennas" [1][2][3][4][5]. Among these phenomena, the generation of virtual antennas, which can radiate ELF/VLF waves over long ranges with minimal attenuation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, is important for communication with submarines and ground stations [6,7].…”

Propagation of different kinds of non-linear ion-acoustic waves in Earth’s magnetosphere

“…Many different non-linear effects occur on ionospheric plasma under the influence of strong radio emissions according to Levine et al (2020); Golikov et al (2016); Pavlov et al (2000), and Ma et al (2012). The non-linear interference of strong radio waves in the ionosphere causes plasma medium disturbances, resulting in the presence of a wide spectrum of inhomogeneity, known as artificial ionospheric disturbance (Thompson et al, 2017;Bakhmetieva et al, 2020). With regard to plasma models discussed previously, the fluid constituent is usually composed largely of positive ions with few negative ions, which are treated as strictly hot.…”