Mesozoic source rocks on Svalbard

Mørk, Atle; Bjorøy, Malvin

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5626-1_28

Cited by 46 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Nevertheless, where present, the subgroup has been measured for the key purpose of correlation. The lower parts of the De Geerdalen is evident, with reported values up to 10% (Mørk & Bjorøy, 1984). Phosphate nodules are abundant both as distinctive beds or individual nodules.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…2A, B) which represent deep-marine shelf and offshore mudstones deposited in the deepest parts of the basin (Mørk et al, 1999a;Krajewski, 2008). Preservation of organic matter, phosphate nodules and ammonoid imprints are interpreted as suggesting dysoxic to anoxic bottom-water conditions (Mørk & Bjorøy, 1984;Krajewski, 2008;Mørk & Bromley, 2008). These formations underlie and overlie the Storfjorden Subgroup ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Middle Triassic Botneheia Formation ( Fig. 2A, B), formed of marine shale, is one of the major organicrich units present in Svalbard with a high total organic content of c. 8-10% (Mørk & Bjorøy, 1984).…”

Section: Regional Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facies development of the Upper Triassic succession on Barentsøya, Wilhelmøya and NE Spitsbergen, Svalbard

Lord¹,

Johansen²,

Støen³

et al. 2017

NJG

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Field data collected from the northeasternmost Triassic exposures on the islands of Spitsbergen, Wilhelmøya and Barentsøya during 2015 are used for sedimentological facies analysis to improve our understanding of the stratigraphic development of the Upper Triassic strata. Results presented here build upon previous studies from the eastern areas of the Svalbard archipelago and seek to extend this understanding northward. Paralic deltaic sediments are recognised throughout the field area, and our analysis shows that the Upper Triassic De Geerdalen Formation is composed of three discrete units defined by the differences in gross depositional environments. The lower interval of early Carnian age is dominated by shallow-marine and delta-front/ shoreface deposits, the middle interval of mid Carnian age is dominated by delta-front to delta-top deposits, and the upper interval, corresponding to the Isfjorden Member, of a late Carnian to early Norian age, is dominated by delta-top deposits which include lagoonal and lacustrine deposits. These observations show that the De Geerdalen Formation represents a more distal depositional setting, than the depositional environments previously reported from the islands of Edgeøya and Hopen. We also document the presence of the Tschermakfjellet Formation and Isfjorden Member on Wilhelmøya, thus increasing our understanding of the northwestward development of the Upper Triassic succession in Svalbard.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facies development of the Upper Triassic succession on Barentsøya, Wilhelmøya and NE Spitsbergen, Svalbard

Lord¹,

Johansen²,

Støen³

et al. 2017

NJG

Self Cite

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“…On the other hand, phosphorite−rich sandstones reflect progradation of the shallow sandy facies, accompanied by sediment redeposition and its gravity transport along and across the clastic bars (Krajewski et al 2007). Recurrent oc− currences of black shales and phosphorite−bearing sandstones in the section are in− dicative of low energy sea bottom environment with low oxygen content, and much better oxygenated environment, respectively (Mørk and Bjorøy 1984;Kra− jewski et al 2007;Mørk and Bromley 2008).…”

Section: Nordaustlandetmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…To the west and southwest of the present−day Spitsbergen coastline, the depositional environment was bordered by land area with well developed delta systems (Mørk et al 1982;Mørk and Bjorøy 1984;Krajewski 2000;Riss et al 2008;Mørk and Bromley 2008).…”

Section: Nordaustlandetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between development of organic-rich shallow shelf facies and variation in isotopic composition of pyrite (Middle Triassic, Spitsbergen)

Karcz¹

2010

Polish Polar Research

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34 S values suggests interplay of various factors in sedimentary environment. These fac− tors include oxygen concentration, clastic sedimentation rate, bottom currents and bur− rowing activity. Biological productivity and rate of dissimilatory sulphate reduction had important impact on the d 34 S variation as well. Wide variation of the d 34 S values in the studied section resulted from high biological productivity and high rate of dissimilatory sulphate reduction. Variable degree of clastic sedimentation rate and burrowing activity as well as the activity of poorly oxygenated bottom currents could also cause a co−occur− rence of isotopically light and heavy pyrite in differentiated diagenetic micro−environ− ments. Occurrence of organic matter depleted in hydrogen could also result in a wide vari− ation of the d 34 S values. Narrow variation of the d 34 S values was due to a decrease of bio− logical productivity and low rate of dissimilatory sulphate reduction. Low organic matter supply, low oxygen concentration and bottom currents and burrowing activity were also responsible for narrow variation of the d 34 S. The narrow range of the d 34 S variation was also due to occurrence of hydrogen−rich organic matter. In the studied section the major change in range of the d 34 S variation from wide to narrow appears to be abrupt and clearly associated with change in lithology. The change of lithology and isotopic values may sug− gest evolution of the sedimentary environment from high− to low−energy and also facies succession from shallow to deeper shelf. The evolution should be linked with the Late Anisian regional transgressive pulse in the Boreal Ocean.

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Multi‐elemental chemostratigraphy of Triassic mudstones in eastern Svalbard: Implications for source rock formation in front of the World’s largest delta plain

Wesenlund

Grundvåg

Engelschiøn

et al. 2022

The Depositional Record

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The Triassic Boreal Ocean was a shallow epicontinental basin and the sink of the World's largest delta plain known to date. Nutrient and freshwater supply from this delta have been regarded as important causes for high productivity and water mass stratification, forming Middle Triassic oil‐prone source rocks. Recent studies attribute upwelling and a productivity‐induced oxygen minimum zone as important factors. A multi‐elemental chemostratigraphic study of a Spathian–Carnian mudstone succession exposed in eastern Svalbard was performed to investigate their formation. This includes 89 samples from three localities, from which 34 elements were acquired using combustion and X‐ray fluorescence analyses. The goal is to provide a correlation framework and infer the role of productivity, redox and water mass restriction on organic matter accumulation and source rock formation. These processes had major impact on the source potential. The Spathian Vendomdalen Member suggests deposition during intermittent benthic euxinia and low productivity, corresponding with a reported deep thermocline that obstructed upwelling. The lower Anisian lower–middle Muen Member shows negligible enrichment in redox‐sensitive elements but in situ phosphate nodules, consistent with developing upwelling and moderate productivity. The middle Anisian upper Muen Member formed during high productivity and phosphogenesis and is linked with basin‐wide upwelling. Productivity, phosphate and redox proxies are all strongly enriched in the upper Anisian–Ladinian Blanknuten Member. In the south‐western Barents Sea, the pro‐deltaic environment of the emerging Triassic Boreal Ocean delta system had terminated these conditions. The upper Ladinian upper Blanknuten Member formed within intermittent euxinic bottom waters due to the shallowing sea level. The Carnian Tschermakfjellet Formation marks the dominance of the prograding delta system and the end of Triassic oil‐prone source rock formation in Svalbard.

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Mesozoic source rocks on Svalbard

Cited by 46 publications

References 2 publications

Facies development of the Upper Triassic succession on Barentsøya, Wilhelmøya and NE Spitsbergen, Svalbard

Facies development of the Upper Triassic succession on Barentsøya, Wilhelmøya and NE Spitsbergen, Svalbard

Relationships between development of organic-rich shallow shelf facies and variation in isotopic composition of pyrite (Middle Triassic, Spitsbergen)

Multi‐elemental chemostratigraphy of Triassic mudstones in eastern Svalbard: Implications for source rock formation in front of the World’s largest delta plain

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