Message-Based Communication for Heterogeneous Internet of Things Systems

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) domain presents a wide spectrum of technologies for building IoT applications. The requirements are varying from one application to another granting uniqueness to each IoT system. Each application demands custom implementations to achieve efficient, secure and cost-effective environments. They pose a set of properties that cannot be addressed by a single-based protocol IoT network. Such properties are achievable by designing a heterogeneous IoT system, which integrates diverse IoT protocols and provides a network management solution to efficiently manage the system components. This paper proposes an IoT message-based communication model applied atop the IoT protocols in order to achieve functional scalability and network management transparency agnostic to the employed communication protocol. The paper evaluates the proposed communication model and proves its functional scalability in a heterogeneous IoT system. The experimental assessment compares the payload size of the proposed system with respect to the LwM2M standard, a protocol designed specifically for IoT applications. In addition, the paper discusses the energy consumption introduced by the proposed model as well as the options available to reduce such impact.

Challenges in Integration of Heterogeneous Internet of Things

“…Coexistent routing and flooding (CRF) using unique features of the physical layer technology-to-physical communication method for concurrent routing [22] 2020 Platform iArk, a universal tracking platform for all types of IoT devices operating in the very high-frequency band [23] 2020 Mechanism New roaming mechanism for LoRaWAN (low bandwidth wide area network) protocol based on reliable 5G network Diversity in network technologies [24] 2019 Architecture Fog computing-based, multi-technology service architecture for IoT devices [25] 2011 Framework IDRA, reconfigurable network framework to directly connect the devices that are correlated to each other [26] 2019 Framework SDN-IoT, a framework that provides the functionality of converting m heterogeneous controllers to n homogeneous controllers [27] 2017 Middleware A smartphone-based mobile gateway that provides an interface between devices and the Internet, being flexible and transparent [28] 2020 Proposed system A decentralized, blockchain-based cloud solution for creating complex services of the network at the edge using IoT devices Management of networks [29] 2016 Architecture A solution based on the utilization of dockers implemented on devices [30] 2016 Architecture Combining both direct and indirect current management approaches [31] 2020 Model Message-based communication model consists of a dictionary of services for devices and servers to interact [32] 2019 Platform M4DN.IoT, a platform for the management of IoTnetworks with a userfriendly interface [33] 2014 Architecture Extending the multi-network information architecture (MINA) middleware with SDN multilayer IoT controller [34] 2014 Framework Framework for managing and configuring the network dynamically based on SDN Heterogeneity in communication [35] 2016 Algorithm Hierarchal clustering algorithm for dynamic and heterogeneous IoT [36] 2016 Framework Relying on a device and distributed SDN connectivity to overcome the issue of heterogeneous communication methods used in IoT [37] 2016 Proposed system TACIoT, a flexible and reliable IoT access control system [38] 2020 Framework Knowledge-based framework using edge computing for heterogeneous connectivity in the Internet of ings networks [39] 2021 Algorithm Distributed online optimization algorithm based on game theory and optimization theory. e algorithm works online and jointly decides to offload heterogeneous tasks, allocate computing resources, and manage battery power [40] 2020 Model…”

A systematic survey on internet of things: Energy efficiency and interoperability perspective

“… Resource management in applications: As we have seen IoT incorporates a vast pool of applications in every sector with different subcomponents operating simultaneously 81 . Each application of IoT requires efficient resource management and coordination techniques to actualize the proper functioning of its subcomponents.…”