Meta‐Analysis in Nonclinical Risk Assessment

Abstract

Systematic review and meta‐analysis methods seek to combine all relevant evidence in transparent, reproducible, updatable, and quantifiable ways. They are well established in evidence‐based medicine and some other fields but remain relatively uncommon in risk assessment. Systematic review and meta‐analysis methods should be adopted both for assessing evidence from human epidemiological studies alone or from animal studies alone and in combining animal and human data in risk assessment processes.