Metabolic and physiological changes during and after vaquejada exercise in horses

Hunka, Monica Miranda; Souza, Luzilene Araujo de; Almeida, Thaís Helena Sougey de; Nery, P.C.R.; Manso, Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro; Filho, Hélio Cordeiro Manso

doi:10.26605/medvet-v12n4-2454

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Both categories of athletes worked with lactate indices above the anaerobic threshold of 4 mmol/L [ 25 ], which characterizes a predominance of the glycolytic energy production pathway in this type of effort (high-intensity and short-duration exercises) [ 16 ], similarly to other sports using Quarter Horses [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. PH mobilized this energy pathway more, which has been also observed by other authors studying vaquejada [ 15 , 20 , 21 ], which corroborates the findings for HR. A higher lactate concentration was also associated with higher energy expenditure in Marchador horses [ 13 ], although these values were quite inferior in marcha gait [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The recovery of HR and plasma lactate values to pre-exercise levels (in stable) within 30 min of recovery denotes the good athletic conditioning of all horses used in the present experimental protocol [ 20 ]. This was observed for both PH and HH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As it is considered a high-intensity and short-duration exercise [ 17 , 18 ], energy production occurs mainly by anaerobic pathways [ 19 ]. Horses used in this particular equine discipline play different roles during the physical effort [ 20 , 21 ]. Pull horses are responsible to put the bull down; meanwhile, helper horses are responsible to run along with the bull, aligning it with the pull horse [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Much Energy Vaquejada Horses Spend in a Field Simulation Test?

Coelho

Sodré

Sousa

et al. 2021

Animals

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Vaquejada is a high-intensity and short-duration exercise in which helper horses (HH) are responsible to keep a bull running in a line while pull horses (PH) work to put the bull down after 100 m of running. The purpose of this study was to quantify and compare energy expenditures (EE), transport costs (COT) and metabolic energy requirements (Pmet) of horses used in Vaquejada. Thus, eight Quarter Horses, in randomly formed pairs, performed a vaquejada simulation test (VST), which consisted of three races on a sand track (130–150 m), with a 5-min interval between them. All horses used an integrated heart rate (HR) and GPS monitoring system (V800, Polar Electro) and, from these data, EE, COT and Pmet were calculated using the formulas: EE (J/kg/min) = 0.0566 × HR1.9955, COT = (HR-35)/kg/m × 103 and Pmet = (HR-35)/min/kg. Blood samples were collected for lactate analysis at rest, immediately after the first, second and third race and after 30 min of recovery. Data obtained were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p ≤ 0.05). In VST, HH had higher EE and higher HR at trot; while PH presented higher EE and HR at canter. Finally, considering total VST, PH had higher EE and COT, while HH had higher Pmet. Lactate was higher in PH. Despite practicing the same sport, PH and HH should be considered distinct athletes, and these must be considered to set up appropriate physical and nutritional programs, which will lead to better performance and guarantees of well-being.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Much Energy Vaquejada Horses Spend in a Field Simulation Test?

Coelho

Sodré

Sousa

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…This rise typically occurs to meet the greater physical and energy demand of active working muscles and the need for the dissipation of metabolic by-products and heat [ 5 , 6 , 34 ]. Nonetheless, the recovery of the horses’ HRs to pre-exercise levels (in the stable) within 30 min denotes the good athletic conditioning of all the horses used in the present experimental protocol [ 9 , 34 ], which was established even before the setting of the training schedule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main purpose of exercising horses is to enhance the energy mobilization of the nervous system and the muscles during activity [ 2 , 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Furthermore, cardiovascular effects are observed, with increases in heart rate (HR), stroke and systolic volume [ 4 , 5 ], and an effort-dependent splenic contraction that enhances tissue perfusion through a transient increase in circulating red blood cells (RBC) [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training Effects on the Stress Predictors for Young Lusitano Horses Used in Dressage

Coelho

Silva

Santos

et al. 2022

Animals

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The purpose of this study was to investigate stressful responses during a 6-week training protocol in young Lusitano horses used for dressage. The hypothesis was that the proposed training protocol would improve fitness and ensure the welfare of the animals by reducing stress predictors. Nine 4-year-old horses were evaluated before (M1) and six weeks after (M2) beginning a training protocol. The training program was performed six times per week and included 40–80 min of individually intensity-adjusted preparatory exercises for dressage. For both moments, the horses were examined before (T0) and after (T1) dressage simulation tests (DST), and at 30 (T2) and 240 min (T3) during the recovery period. Blood samples were taken to determine the horses’ cortisol levels, total WBC, and neutrophil and lymphocyte counts. All variables were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, with p ≤ 0.05. After training, there was a significant reduction in cortisol (p = 0.0133), HR (p = 0.0283), total WBC (p < 0.0001), and neutrophil (p < 0.0001) and lymphocyte (p = 0.0341) counts. Other findings included an increase in HRV parameters related to a cardiac vagal modulation. In conclusion, the chosen training protocol led to better fitness as the horses worked more intensively with lower cardiovascular requirements, and they showed blunted cortisol responses at M2. Such data can be used to evaluate performance, but also to predict the welfare of athletic horses.

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Is There an Ideal Rest Interval Between Races During Vaquejada in Which It Would Be Possible to Associate Best Performance and Welfare?

Sodré

Sousa

Silva

et al. 2020

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

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Metabolic and physiological changes during and after vaquejada exercise in horses

Abstract: Metabolic and physiological changes during and after vaquejada exercise in horses [Adaptações metabólicas e fisiológicas durante e após o teste de vaquejada em cavalos]

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

How Much Energy Vaquejada Horses Spend in a Field Simulation Test?

How Much Energy Vaquejada Horses Spend in a Field Simulation Test?

Training Effects on the Stress Predictors for Young Lusitano Horses Used in Dressage

Is There an Ideal Rest Interval Between Races During Vaquejada in Which It Would Be Possible to Associate Best Performance and Welfare?

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