Metabolic characterization of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and their role in improving soil phosphate solubility, yield of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.), and phosphorus fertilizers efficiency

Abstract

Phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) can improve soil P availability by P dissolution. These microbes can make substances that regulate plant growth, which promotes plant growth. The present study aimed to characterize PSM and determine how PSM application affected P solubilization, soil phosphatase activity, and upland rice yield. The greenhouse experiment used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factor was PSM isolates, which came in four different forms: without microbes, with microbes (Burkholderia sp.), with fungus (Penicillium sp.), and with a combination of microbes (Burkholderia sp. and Penicillium sp.). The PSM isolates were characterized to analyze the production of organic acids, phosphatase enzymes, and phytohormones. The second factor was the superphosphate fertilizer dose, which has four levels: 0, 50, 75, and 100 kg P ha−1. According to the PSM characterization, it produced organic acids such as lactate acid, oxalate acid, citric acid, and acetate acid, as well as phytohormones (IAA) and the enzyme phosphatase. The pot experiment results show that the PSM inoculation raised the available P and soil phosphatase, P content of the plant, decreased soil organic P, and increased upland rice production. For improving available P, phosphatase activity, P content of the plant, and upland rice yields, mixed inoculants of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and fungi performed better. The availability of soil P, the activity of the enzyme phosphatase, and the upland rice yields were all improved by applying P fertilizer at 75 kg P ha−1. This study showed that PSM as a biofertilizer reduced the dosage of inorganic fertilizers by up to 25%.

Enhancing the nutritional value of sweet pepper through sustainable fertilization management

“…Furthermore, fertilizers based on microorganisms, such as those used in this study (Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus aggregatum, Rhizophagus intraradices, Trichoderma, Streptomyces, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas), can aid in the solubilization of phosphorus in the soil, the second most important nutrient for plants after nitrogen, alongside nitrogen fixation and mineral absorption stimulation, thereby stimulating plant growth and ultimately increasing production. On the other hand, chemical fertilizers are rich in macronutrients N, P, K (40)(41)(42). Therefore, it is important to consider these factors when selecting a fertilizer for a specific crop and environment.…”

Effect of application of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and organic fertilizers on soil phosphorus solubility and growth of maize (Zea mays var. saccharata Sturt L.) on andisols

“…Fitriatin et al [18] reported that Burkholderia sp. isolate increased soil phosphatase activity by 142.7% compared to the control.…”

Comparing the population density, colony diversity, and phosphate solubilization ability between rice root endophytic and rice rhizospheric soil bacteria from organic wetland

“…As functional microorganisms, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) are not only found in soil and environments but also as plant endophytes. Many previous studies investigated the exploration and effect of PSB in varying agricultural practices, such as conventional and organic wetland [10,11], upland rice [12], calcareous soil [13], saline soil [14], and others.…”