Metabolic Disease

Brickley, Megan; Mays, Simon

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809738-0.00015-6

Cited by 45 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Importantly, explanations and justifications accompanied the suggestions, allowing researchers to evaluate protocols that would work best with the sample under investigation. An equally impressive guide was created in Britain by multiple contributors under the auspices of the British Association for Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology (BABAO) (Brickley & McKinley, ). Recognizing that following the guide produced by Buikstra and Ubelaker could be time consuming and perhaps restrictive in some contexts, these contributors sought to provide essential concepts to evaluate.…”

Section: A Century Of “Things”: Appreciating Samplessupporting

confidence: 91%

A century of paleopathology

Grauer

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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Section: A Century Of “Things”: Appreciating Samplessupporting

confidence: 91%

A century of paleopathology

Grauer

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…VitC assists in endochondral bone formation and collagen synthesis (Alten et al, 2020). A VitC deficiency can cause scurvy, with symptoms including hemorrhage, which can result in bony lesions (Brickley & Mays, 2019; Mays, 2018). While scurvy is generally rare in children today, there appears to be a recent resurgence (Alten et al, 2020; Chalouhi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

O’Donnell

Hill

Anderson

et al. 2020

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: Cribra orbitalia (CO) and porotic hyperostosis (PH) are porous cranial lesions (PCLs) classically associated with iron-deficiency anemia in bioarchaeological contexts. However, recent studies indicate a need to reassess the interpretation of PCLs. This study addresses the potential health correlates of PCLs in a contemporary sample by examining relationships between the known cause of death (COD) and PCL presence/absence. Methods: This study includes a sample of 461 juvenile individuals (6 months to 15 years of age) who underwent examination at the University of New Mexico's Office of the Medical Investigator between 2011 and 2019. The information available for each individual includes their sex, age at death, and their COD and manner of death. Results: Odds ratio of having CO (OR = 3.92, p < .01) or PH (OR = 2.86, p = .02) lesions are increased in individuals with respiratory infections. Individuals with heart conditions have increased odds of having CO (OR = 3.52, p = .03) lesions, but not PH. Conclusion: Individuals with respiratory infection are more likely to have CO and/or PH. CO appears to have a greater range of health correlates than PH does, as indicated by the heart condition results. However, individuals with congenital heart defects are at higher risk for respiratory infections, so bony alterations in cases of heart conditions may be due to respiratory illness. Since respiratory infection remains a leading cause of mortality today, CO and PH in bioarchaeological contexts should be considered as potential indicators of respiratory infections in the past.

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“…Confounding variables are age (although this variable is also to some extent of interest for biocultural reasons) and skeletal completeness. In subadults, rickets is most often active in individuals under about 3 years of age (Ladhani, Srinivasan, Buchanan, & Allgrove, ), and it is in early life, when growth is most rapid, that it is most readily identified from skeletal changes (Brickley & Mays, ). Because rickets increases vulnerability to other diseases, including life‐threatening infections (Snoddy et al, ), it may lead to early mortality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitude, urbanization, age, and sex as risk factors for vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire

Mays

Prowse

George

et al. 2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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The association of rickets with latitude may reflect care practices that, in more northerly locations where solar radiation is less intense, placed infants at increased risk of insufficient sunlight exposure to permit adequate vitamin D biosynthesis. The elevated level of vitamin D deficiency at Ostia may reflect, at least in part, the lack of sunlight due to dense occupation of multi-storey blocks that prevented direct sunlight from reaching living quarters and the streets between these closely spaced buildings.

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Metabolic Disease

Cited by 45 publications

References 109 publications

A century of paleopathology

A century of paleopathology

Cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis are associated with respiratory infections in a contemporary mortality sample from New Mexico

Latitude, urbanization, age, and sex as risk factors for vitamin D deficiency disease in the Roman Empire

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