Metabolic Variations in Grass C. dactylon and Selection of Optimal LEDs for the Horticulture Luminaire Using LM Algorithm

Abstract

Healing of various ailments using herbal medicines is gaining much interest. Plants classified as grasses, specifically Cynodon dactylon, are an appreciated group of monocots used in many herbal remedies. In this work, C. dactylon, is grown naturally and also under market available LED Luminaires with different lighting conditions. Until 2010, most of the plants were grown under conventional lamps that are not spectrally tunable. Cynodon dactylon, the grass, was grown under two different light spectrum, two light levels and three photoperiods (9hours, 12 hours, 15 hours) to extend our experiential knowledge. The biomass accumulation was highest when grown under a lower RB ratio-12-hour-163μmol/s, and phenolic content was highest at 92.8 mg/g wt Gallic Acid Equivalents under combined light source at 15-hour photoperiod. A spectrally tunable LED light source with an optimal quantity of LEDs saves cost, space and energy. Considering the light parameters from the light sources used for growing C. dactylon , Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm is implemented to select an optimal LED quantity that composes the light source. The algorithm simulates the given target spectrum with minimum fitness error. The method applied to model LEDs, its validation against the practical LED spectrum, spectrum matching and computation of Luminous flux, Photosynthetic Photon Flux and efficacy is also presented. Many spectrums were simulated to validate the performance of the algorithm. A solution of optimal LEDs for three Photosynthetic Photon Flux (PPF) levels with LEDs derived, and it is observed that the number of LEDs increased with PPF.

An Energy-Efficient PAR-Based Horticultural Lighting System for Greenhouse Cultivation of Lettuce

“…The studies in [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], and [29] demonstrate how dynamic lighting and optimization methods can help to increase the energy savings achievable by LED systems. In [17], the effects of dynamic regulation of supplemental lighting intensity on electricity consumption and fresh weight buildup were examined.…”

“…In [27], a herbal remedy plant was grown under natural light and under LED fixtures with varying light conditions. Simulation of multiple spectra showed that the method could replicate the intended spectrum with minimum fitness errors.…”