Metal-Based Nanoparticles: A Prospective Strategy for Helicobacter pylori Treatment

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an infectious pathogen and the leading cause of gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. Currently, bismuth quadruple therapy is the recommended first-line treatment, and it is reported to be highly effective, with >90% eradication rates on a consistent basis. However, the overuse of antibiotics causes H. pylori to become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, making its eradication unlikely in the foreseeable future. Besides, the effect of antibiotic treatments on the gut microbiota also needs to be considered. Therefore, effective, selective, antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies are urgently required. Due to their unique physiochemical properties, such as the release of metal ions, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and photothermal/photodynamic effects, metal-based nanoparticles have attracted a great deal of interest. In this article, we review recent advances in the design, antimicrobial mechanisms and applications of metal-based nanoparticles for the eradication of H. pylori . Additionally, we discuss current challenges in this field and future perspectives that may be used in anti- H. pylori strategies.

Implications of silver nanoparticles for H. pylori infection: modulation of CagA function and signaling

“…The bactericidal activity of AgNPs has been attributed to their ability to release silver ions, to produce reactive oxygen species and to cause loss of bacterial membrane integrity and subsequent membrane damage (Gurunathan et al, 2018;Jang et al, 2022). Similar mechanisms of action have been also reported for other nanomaterials used in the treatment of H. pylori (Au, Bi, Cu, Pd, ZnO) (Asgari et al, 2022;Yin et al, 2023). The antimicrobial potential of the AgNPs synthesised in this study against H. pylori was evaluated using real-time growth monitoring and CFU assays.…”

Current Knowledge about Gastric Microbiota with Special Emphasis on Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Conditions

“…Finally, the use of nanoparticles is noteworthy for the treatment of H.p. infection, proposed to overcome emerging antimicrobial resistance [158,159]. In one of the more recent studies, chitosan nanoparticles conjugated with antimicrobial peptides have been used against antibiotic-resistant H.p.…”

Future Nanotechnology‐Based Strategies for Improved Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection

“… b) For in‐depth information on the potential use of various kinds of metallic NPs against H. pylori , interested readers are referred to the review articles by Saniee research group and Yin et al; [ 38,41 ] …”

“…Recently, some review studies have highlighted the roles of nanostructured biomaterials to combat H. pylori infection. [ 33–42 ] Of note, our review does not aim at updating the previous reviews about nanoparticulate systems against H. pylori . Rather, we aim to showcase the conceptualization of delivery platforms based on nanoscience in the design of innovative strategies against different strains of H. pylori .…”