Metallothionein gene expression in zebrafish embryo-larvae and ZFL cell-line exposed to heavy metal ions

Chan, King Ming; Ku, Lily Lim; Chan, Pak Hei; Cheuk, Wai Ka

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.04.012

Cited by 52 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…And the role of MTs in nervous tissue of vertebrates has been suggested (Kramer et al, 1996;Tallkvist et al, 2002). Cd was the most potential for MTs induction among three metals (i.e., Cd, Cu, and Zn) in H. mylodon, and this outcome was consistent with previous discoveries that Cd was one of very powerful inducers for metallothionein transcription in fish (De Smet et al, 2001;Hermesz et al, 2001;Chan et al, 2006;Cho et al, 2008). It had been also suggested that transcriptional regulation of metallothionein in the fingerings of this species should be very sensitive to Cd, and any potential harmful stress to this species origin from the Cd pollution at much lower concentration than 0.1 mM in wild habitats may be detected by tracing the MTs expression in fingerlings if the exposure is extended (Cho et al, 2008).…”

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 86%

Characteristics, functions, and applications of metallothionein in aquatic vertebrates

Weichao

Mao

et al. 2014

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The documents on Metallothioneins (MTs) in aquatic creatures, especially focusing on their function as biomarkers in environmental monitoring programmes, are vast and increasing. There are, however, few papers to summary the physiological role of MTs in aquatic organisms especially on development. The multifaceted roles of MTs include involvement in homeostasis, protection against heavy metals and oxidant damages, and metabolic regulation, sequestration and/or redox control. In this paper, we have collected published information on MTs in aquatic organisms-pisces, amphibians, mammals, etc., and analyzed their function in these aquatic animals. MTs have four main functions in aquatic vertebrate. They are respectively bioaccumulation of toxic metals and detoxification, homeostatic regulation of metals, protection against oxidative stress and neuroprotective mechanism. MTs separate in different tissues and they have various distributions in different tissues of aquatic vertebrate, including liver, gills, kidney, testes, and brain. MTs can be induced by a variety of environmental and physiological factors, among which, heavy metals are the main kind of MTs inducers in aquatic vertebrate. Here we pay more attention on the essential metals copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) and the non-essential metals cadmium (Cd), silver (Ag), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg).

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Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 86%

Characteristics, functions, and applications of metallothionein in aquatic vertebrates

Weichao

Mao

et al. 2014

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Other studies have shown that mt2 is upregulated by different metal ions in developing zebrafish, with mercury (Hg) being the most potent inducer and zinc the weakest (Chan et al, 2006). Upregulation of mt2 in this present study was significant at 100 and 200 lM ZnSO 4 , concentrations far below the previously reported LC50 for 8-32 hpf exposure (6112 lM 6 1052) (Chan et al, 2006).…”

Section: Constitutive Expression Of All Three Target Genes At 120 Hpfcontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…In zebrafish the metallothionein 2 (mt2) has been cloned (Yan and Chan, 2004), and both its developmental expression (Chen et al, 2004) and promoter (Yan and Chan, 2002) have been characterized. The mt2 gene is inducible by metal exposure and has been shown to respond strongly, especially to Hg (Chan et al, 2006). Detoxification/PAH toxicity is detected by measuring expression of the P450 cytochrome 1A1 (cyp1a1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular multi‐effect screening of environmental pollutants using the MolDarT

Liedtke

Muncke

Rüfenacht

et al. 2008

Environmental Toxicology

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Molecular effect detection is a useful approach for ecotoxicological screening of chemicals. We show here the application of the molecular DarT (MolDarT), where the expression of selected target genes is detected in short-term (120 h) exposed developing zebrafish (Danio rerio), thus allowing subacute multi-effect compound screening. The genes metallothionein 2 (mt2), cytochrome P450 1A1 (cyp1a1), and recombination activation gene 1 (rag1) are used as endpoints that describe detoxification/metal toxicity (mt2), detoxification/PAH toxicity (cyp1a1), and acquired immune system disruption (rag1). Each gene's developmental expression was studied in unexposed zebrafish during 4 to 120 h past fertilization (hpf), and all three genes were found to be expressed at 120 hpf. Furthermore, mt2 transcripts were present at high levels at 4 hpf, indicating a maternal transfer. For positive toxicity controls, freshly fertilized zebrafish eggs were exposed for 120 hpf to ZnSO 4 , 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene (DMN) and CdCl 2 . Exposure to 100 and 200 lM ZnSO 4 significantly induced mt2; 10 lM DMN and 20 lM DMN resulted in significantly increased cyp1a1 abundance; and 5 and 10 lM CdCl 2 significantly reduced rag1 expression levels. Furthermore, we analysed these target genes for their expression in zebrafish eggs from a previous exposure study. The eggs were exposed for 120 hpf to the environmental pollutants estradiol (E2), ethinylestradiol (EE2), nonylphenol (NP), atrazine, cyproconazol, and bisphenol A (BPA) and found differential expression of the three genes. Exposure to the (xeno-)estrogenic compound NP (0.75 lM) significantly lowered mt2 expression. This study shows the potential of short-term in vivo multi-effect screenings within one single subacute exposure using the MolDarT. # 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 23: 59-67, 2008

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“…This was studied with transgenic zebrafish that express green fluorescent protein under the control of a heat-shock promoter, a useful indicator of the stress response (Hernández et al, unpublished observations, 2008; 11). In embryos, a strong response of metallothionein genes is detected, evidence that embryonic cells are capable of inducing expression of copper-handling proteins (12). In adults, a consequence of acute copper toxicity is oxidative stress in the liver and gill and elevated expression of the copper chaperone COX-17 and catalase, although these effects strongly depend on water chemistry (13).…”

Section: Copper Handling In the Zebrafish Embryo And Larvamentioning

confidence: 99%

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for studying the genetic basis of copper toxicity, deficiency, and metabolism

Hernández

Allende

2008

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Unicellular eukaryotes and cultured cells from several animal species were invaluable in discovering the mechanisms that govern incorporation, handling, and excretion of copper at the cellular level. However, understanding the systemic regulation of copper availability and distribution among the different tissues of an intact multicellular organism has proven to be more challenging. This analysis is made even more difficult if the genetic variability among organisms is taken into account. The zebrafish has long been considered a powerful animal model because of its tractable genetics and embryology, but it has more recently become a player in environmental studies, pharmaceutical screening, and physiologic analysis. In particular, the use of the larvae, small enough to fit into a microtiter well, but developed enough to have full organ functionality, represents a convenient alternative for studies that aim to establish effects of environmental agents on the intact, living organism. Studies by our group and others have characterized absorption and tissue distribution of copper and have described the acute effects of the metal on larvae in terms of survival, organ stress, and functionality of sensory organs. A large body of work has shown that there is strong conservation in mechanisms and genes between fish and mammals, opening the possibility for genetic or small molecule screens or for generating fish models of human diseases related to copper metabolism. The variability within humans in terms of tolerance to copper excess or deficiency requires a genetic approach to be taken to understand the behavior of populations, because markers and vulnerabilities need to be identified. The zebrafish could represent a unique tool to move in this direction.Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88(suppl): 835S-9S.

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Metallothionein gene expression in zebrafish embryo-larvae and ZFL cell-line exposed to heavy metal ions

Cited by 52 publications

References 4 publications

Characteristics, functions, and applications of metallothionein in aquatic vertebrates

Characteristics, functions, and applications of metallothionein in aquatic vertebrates

Molecular multi‐effect screening of environmental pollutants using the MolDarT

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for studying the genetic basis of copper toxicity, deficiency, and metabolism

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