Metals in leafy vegetables grown in Addis Ababa and toxicological implications

Itanna, Fisseha

doi:10.4314/ejhd.v16i3.9797

Cited by 161 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…But even the upper limits of the metal concentrations (Co, Cr, Cu and Ni) were below the maximum threshold levels. The mean levels of Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn recorded during the present study were comparable or slightly higher than those reported in previous studies (Itanna 1998(Itanna , 2002Weldegebriel et al 2012;Aschale et al 2015). In the studied sites, the soils had been irrigated by wastewater for more than 60 years, which showed higher or comparable levels of metals compared to wastewater-irrigated agricultural soils in other African (Mapanda et al 2005;Lente et al 2012) and Asian cities (Ahmad et al 2016;Xue et al 2012).…”

Section: Heavy Metals In Soilssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Wastewater irrigation for vegetable production is a highly prevalent practice in the city and a number of articles have been published on wastewater-irrigated soils and vegetables contaminated with heavy metals starting from the 90′s (Itanna 1998(Itanna , 2002Alemayehu 2006;Weldegebriel et al 2012;Aschale et al 2015;Mekonnen et al 2015). However, to the best of our knowledge, an insight into assessment of human health risks associated with the consumption of vegetable crops grown on wastewater-irrigated soils is non-existent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2017

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Background: Wastewater irrigation for vegetable production is a highly prevalent practice in Addis Ababa and a number of articles have been published on wastewater-irrigated soils and vegetables contaminated with heavy metals. However, to the best of our knowledge, an insight into assessment of human health risks associated with the consumption of vegetable crops grown on wastewater-irrigated soils is non-existent in the city. Long-term effect of wastewater irrigation on the build-up of heavy metals in soils and selected vegetable crops in Addis Ababa urban vegetable farming sites (10) was evaluated. By calculating estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and target hazard quotients (THQs) of metals, health risk associated with the consumption of the analyzed vegetables was also evaluated. Results: The heavy metal concentrations in irrigation water and soils did not exceed the recommended maximum limits (RMLs). Moreover, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn concentrations in all analyzed vegetables were lower than the RML standards. In contrast, Pb concentrations were 1.4-3.9 times higher. Results of two way ANOVA test showed that variation in metals concentrations were significant (p < 0.001) across farming site, vegetable type and site x vegetable interaction. The EDI and THQ values showed that there would be no potential health risk to local inhabitants due to intake of individual metal if one or more of the analyzed vegetables are consumed. Furthermore, total target hazard quotients (TTHQs) for the combined metals due to all analyzed vegetables were lower than 1, suggesting no potential health risk even to highly exposed local inhabitants. Conclusions: There is a great respite that toxic metals like Pb and Cd have not posed potential health risk even after long term (more than 50 years) use of this water for irrigation. However, intermittent monitoring of the metals from irrigation water, in soil and crops may be required to follow/prevent their build-up in the food chain.

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Section: Heavy Metals In Soilssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2017

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“…It is mentioned that plants can absorb metals from different sources such as: factories activity, fuels, agriculture activities, waste waters and environmental air pollution (Abbas et al 2010). Leafy vegetables accumulate much higher contents of heavy metals as compared to other vegetables (Itanna 2002). Heavy metals enter waters and soils with waste waters of industrial activity and transfer to plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation and determination of heavy metals pollution in edible vegetables, water and soil in the south of Tehran province by GIS

Shirkhanloo¹,

Mirzahosseini²,

Shirkhanloo³

et al. 2015

Archives of Environmental Protection

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Abstract:In this study, heavy metals pollutions in waters, soils and vegetables were investigated from farms, near oil refi nery in south of Tehran city, Iran (Shahre Ray). The most important heavy metals in Iranian oil are vanadium, cobalt, nickel, arsenic and mercury (V, Co, Ni, As, Hg). In this region, the concentration of heavy metals in soils, well waters and leafy edible vegetables were evaluated in ten different points of farms. Geographic information systems (GIS) were used to estimate the levels of heavy metals concentration at unmeasured locations. After sample preparation, concentrations of heavy metals in vegetables, soils and waters were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Five different leafy edible vegetables from farms, i.e., Persian leek, dill, parsley, spinach and radish were sampled in spring, summer and autumn 2012. In vegetables and well water samples, the concentrations of V, Ni and Co were above the permissible limit of heavy metals as compared to WHO guidelines and the concentrations of these metals in agricultural soils were found to be lower in accordance to soil references. The industrial waste waters had high concentration of heavy metals in this area. In consequence, the results of this study indicate that industrial waste water can cause pollution in well waters and edible vegetables. So, this region is not suitable for cultivation and growing vegetables.Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/13/18 2:45 AM

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“…The nature of soils and consequently of the background geology are the most important factors in determining the content of trace elements in foodstuffs (Itanna, 2002;Madyiwa et al, 2002). While the present research area is the metal-rich region in the Osogovo Mountains in Eastern FYR Macedonia, the concentrations of trace elements in surrounding soils are expected to be enriched.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Assessment of essential and nonessential dietary exposure to trace elements from homegrown foodstuffs in a polluted area in Makedonska Kamenica and the Kočani region (FYRM)

Vrhovnik¹,

Dolenec

Serafimovski

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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The main purpose of the present study is to assess human dietary exposure to essential and non-essential trace elements via consumption of selected homegrown foodstuffs. Twelve essential and non-essential trace elements (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Zn and As) were detected in various homegrown foodstuffs. Detailed questionnaires were also applied among a sample of the local population to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics. The results of the present study clearly indicate that the majority of the trace elements are at highly elevated levels in the studied foodstuffs, in comparison to international recommendations. The maximum measured levels of ETE and NETE are as follows [μg kg −1 ]: Cd 873, Co 1370, Cu 21700, Cr 59633, Hg 26, Mo 6460, Ni14.5, Pb 11100, Sb 181, Se 0.30, Zn 102 and As 693. Additionally, age, body mass index and gender were significantly associated with levels of dietary exposure. Further research is warranted on the potential health implication of this exposure. Capsule abstract: The study merges the accumulation of ETE and NETE in home-grown foodstuffs and reflects considerably high health risks for inhabitants.

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Metals in leafy vegetables grown in Addis Ababa and toxicological implications

Cited by 161 publications

References 8 publications

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The evaluation and determination of heavy metals pollution in edible vegetables, water and soil in the south of Tehran province by GIS

Assessment of essential and nonessential dietary exposure to trace elements from homegrown foodstuffs in a polluted area in Makedonska Kamenica and the Kočani region (FYRM)

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