Methane emission by goats consuming diets with different levels of condensed tannins from lespedeza

Animut, Getachew; Puchała, R.; Goetsch, A.L.; Patra, Amlan Kumar; Sahlu, T.; Varel, V. H.; Wells, John W.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.10.014

Cited by 160 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…protozoal numbers was observed in some trials using condensed tannins (Animut et al, 2008), starch-rich concentrates (Martin et al, 2007a and unpublished data) and lipids Kreuzer, 1999, Machmü ller et al, 2003a). This analysis confirms the important influence that rumen protozoa have on methanogenesis under certain conditions.…”

Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 81%

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Morgavi

Forano²,

Martin

et al. 2010

Animal

539

406

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Ruminant production is under increased public scrutiny in terms of the importance of cattle and other ruminants as major producers of the greenhouse gas methane. Methanogenesis is performed by methanogenic archaea, a specialised group of microbes present in several anaerobic environments including the rumen. In the rumen, methanogens utilise predominantly H 2 and CO 2 as substrates to produce methane, filling an important functional niche in the ecosystem. However, in addition to methanogens, other microbes also have an influence on methane production either because they are involved in hydrogen (H 2 ) metabolism or because they affect the numbers of methanogens or other members of the microbiota. This study explores the relationship between some of these microbes and methanogenesis and highlights some functional groups that could play a role in decreasing methane emissions. Dihydrogen ('H 2 ' from this point on) is the key element that drives methane production in the rumen. Among H 2 producers, protozoa have a prominent position, which is strengthened by their close physical association with methanogens, which favours H 2 transfer from one to the other. A strong positive interaction was found between protozoal numbers and methane emissions, and because this group is possibly not essential for rumen function, protozoa might be a target for methane mitigation. An important function that is associated with production of H 2 is the degradation of fibrous plant material. However, not all members of the rumen fibrolytic community produce H 2 . Increasing the proportion of non-H 2 producing fibrolytic microorganisms might decrease methane production without affecting forage degradability. Alternative pathways that use electron acceptors other than CO 2 to oxidise H 2 also exist in the rumen. Bacteria with this type of metabolism normally occupy a distinct ecological niche and are not dominant members of the microbiota; however, their numbers can increase if the right potential electron acceptor is present in the diet. Nitrate is an alternative electron sinks that can promote the growth of particular bacteria able to compete with methanogens. Because of the toxicity of the intermediate product, nitrite, the use of nitrate has not been fully explored, but in adapted animals, nitrite does not accumulate and nitrate supplementation may be an alternative under some dietary conditions that deserves to be further studied. In conclusion, methanogens in the rumen co-exist with other microbes, which have contrasting activities. A better understanding of these populations and the pathways that compete with methanogenesis may provide novel targets for emissions abatement in ruminant production.

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Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 81%

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Morgavi

Forano²,

Martin

et al. 2010

Animal

539

406

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The potential of mitigating CH 4 emissions by the extracts of phenolic compounds, which are synthesised in the intermediary metabolism of plants, has been demonstrated experimentally (3 -5) . Also, the direct inclusion of plants containing phenolics in ruminant diets reduced CH 4 emissions compared with control diets, both in vitro (6) and in vivo (7,8) .A major drawback in implementing diets with doses of phenolics aimed at reducing CH 4 emissions is often a decline in the digestibility of the feed and therewith the productivity of the animals (9) , even at dosages where toxic side effects are excluded. As a consequence, there are often no or only small declines in CH 4 per unit of digested feed and, therefore, food produced.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitroindications for favourable non-additive effects on ruminal methane mitigation between high-phenolic and high-quality forages

Jayanegara

Marquardt

Wina³

et al. 2012

Br J Nutr

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Feeding plants containing elevated levels of polyphenols may reduce ruminal CH 4 emissions, but at the expense of nutrient utilisation. There might, however, be non-additive effects when combining high-phenolic plants with well-digestible, high-nutrient feeds. To test whether non-additive effects exist, the leaves of Carica papaya (high in dietary quality, low in polyphenols), Clidemia hirta (high in hydrolysable tannins), Swietenia mahagoni (high in condensed tannins) and Eugenia aquea (high in non-tannin phenolics) were tested alone and in all possible mixtures (n 15 treatments). An amount of 200 mg DM of samples was incubated in vitro (24 h; 39 o C) with buffered rumen fluid using the Hohenheim gas test apparatus. After the incubation, total gas production, CH 4 concentration and fermentation profiles were determined. The levels of absolute CH 4 , and CH 4 :SCFA and CH 4 :total gas ratios were lower (P, 0·05) when incubating a combination of C. papaya and any high-phenolic plants (C. hirta, S. mahagoni and E. aquea) than when incubating C. papaya alone. Additionally, mixtures resulted in non-additive effects for all CH 4 -related parameters of the order of 2 -15 % deviation from the expected value (P,0·01). This means that, by combining these plants, CH 4 in relation to the fermentative capacity was lower than that predicted when assuming the linearity of the effects. Similar non-additive effects of combining C. papaya with the other plants were found for NH 3 concentrations but not for SCFA concentrations. In conclusion, using mixtures of high-quality plants and high-phenolic plants could be one approach to CH 4 mitigation; however, this awaits in vivo confirmation.Key words: Ruminants: Methanogenesis: Phenolic compounds: Forage Various investigations are currently under way to identify and test means for mitigating CH 4 emissions that originate from ruminants due to the activity of methanogenic archaea during feed fermentation (1) . As a product of fermentative digestion, CH 4 emission levels depend considerably on the quantity and composition of feeds consumed (2) . The potential of mitigating CH 4 emissions by the extracts of phenolic compounds, which are synthesised in the intermediary metabolism of plants, has been demonstrated experimentally (3 -5) . Also, the direct inclusion of plants containing phenolics in ruminant diets reduced CH 4 emissions compared with control diets, both in vitro (6) and in vivo (7,8) .A major drawback in implementing diets with doses of phenolics aimed at reducing CH 4 emissions is often a decline in the digestibility of the feed and therewith the productivity of the animals (9) , even at dosages where toxic side effects are excluded. As a consequence, there are often no or only small declines in CH 4 per unit of digested feed and, therefore, food produced. Analysing a larger dataset by principal components analysis illustrated that plants with high forage quality are arranged opposite to those with a high CH 4 -mitigating potential (10) . This indicates that achiev...

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“…Based on these mechanisms, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Schinus molle had high tannin content which indirectly reduces CH4 through decrease H2 production in terms of reduction in nutrient degradation. Similiarly, Animut et al (2008) reported that, Lespedeza strial (15.1% CT) when added to goat diets reduced 25.7% the organic matter digestibility with reduction of CH4 as 58% (in L/day basis). However, LL had tendency to reduce methane without adverse effects on nutrient degradability and it may be due to optimum amount of CT present in LL had direct effects on rumen microbes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Likewise, when ingestion of quebracho tannins at a dosages of 7.5 g and 15 g CT/Kg DM was studied, there were observed no effect on fiber digestibility (AL-DOBAIB et al, 2009). In contrast, Animut et al (2008) reported that, Lespedeza strial in goat diets (15.1% CT) reduced in 25.7% the organic matter digestibility.…”

Section: Effect Of Tannins On Rumen Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Patra et al (2006) reported that addition of methanol extract of T. chebula plant reduced methane emission. Populus deltoides leaf extracts were subjected into in vitro experiment showed that decrease in methane production with highest dosage (PATRA et al, 2008). Furthermore, Kim et al (2013) found that, pine needles and gingko leaf extracts appears to have antimethanogenic properties by decreasing protozoa species.…”

Section: Effect Of Tannins On Ch4 Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production by identifying plants with high tannin concentration and quantifying the methane emission in vivo

Dhanasekaran¹

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Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Seção Técnica de Biblioteca -CENA/USP Dhanasekaran Dinesh KumarMitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production by identifying plants with high tannin concentration and quantifying the methane emission in vivo.Mitigando o equilíbrio de gases do efeito estufa na produção de ruminantes pela identificação de plantas com concentração elevada de tanino e quantificação das emissões de metano in vivo / Dinesh Kumar Dhanasekaran; If you want to shine like a sun, first burns like a sun. Research is never the effort of a single individual and it is a team work and many have put their effort in several ways to bring this thesis to completion. and degraded neutral detergent fiber (DNDF), especially LL, which had most influence on these parameters compared to other tannin containing plants. LL had positive response on antimethanogenic effects; its nutrient degradability was higher than that of other tannin containing plants. The second study (Expt. 2) was set to evaluate the effect of different organic extracts from the whole plant methanolic extract (MHE) of LL on in vitro gas production and to characterize the chemical constituents by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Major abundant compounds present at the relative percentages of MHE were found to be stigmasterol trimethyl ester (TMS), neophytadiene, palmitic acid TMS, α-Linolenic acid TMS and 2, 3, 5, 6-tetra methyl anisylbenzene. The effects of additions of different extracts in terms of nutrient degradability (TDOM and DNDF) were increased by all extracts. This study explained that the methanolic hexane extract and methanolic chloroform extract was effective against methanogenic activity. The objective of the third study (Expt. 3) was to study the effect of LL plant leaves on rumen fermentation, apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and methane production in Santa Ines sheep. The animals were divided in three groups in which they were fed with (i) 88% Tifton 85-hay (Cynodon spp.) and 12% soyabean meal (Control group, n=4); (ii) 28% Tifton 85-hay (Cynodon spp.) and 72% LL plus 20 ml solution containing 10g/day/animal of PEG (With PEG group -WPEG, n=6); (iii) 28% Tifton 85-hay (Cynodon spp.) and 72% LL plus 20 ml of distilled water (without PEG group-WOPEG, n=6). Nutrient intake (dry matter, organic matter, acid detergent fiber, lignin and crude protein) were higher in WPEG and WOPEG compared to the control group, except neutral detergent fiber intake. Apparent digestibilities and nitrogen metabolism had non-significant effects between the treatments. However, CH4 emissions were significantly lower in WPEG and WOPEG than the control. Furthermore, expressions of microbial populations of methanogens in WPEG had lower tendency than that of WOPEG and control. The most salient findings of this study were that, 72% LL plant leaves using in small ruminants diets increased animal productivity, we can get more benefits in terms of replacing the source of protein in the...

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Methane emission by goats consuming diets with different levels of condensed tannins from lespedeza

Cited by 160 publications

References 40 publications

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

In vitroindications for favourable non-additive effects on ruminal methane mitigation between high-phenolic and high-quality forages

Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production by identifying plants with high tannin concentration and quantifying the methane emission in vivo

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