Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Martin, Cécile; Rouel, J.; Jouany, J. P.; Doreau, M.; Chilliard, Yves

doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0774

Cited by 308 publications

(378 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Enteric CH 4 production Enteric CH 4 production was measured using the SF 6 tracer method according to the procedure described by Martin et al (2008). Brass permeation tubes (12.5 × 40 mm i.d.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of SF 6 and CH 4 in breath and ambient air samples were determined by gas chromatography as described by Martin et al (2008). A gas chromatograph (CP-9003; Varian-Chrompack, Les Ulis, France) fitted with an electron capture detector and a gas chromatograph (Autosystem XL; Perkin Elmer Instruments, Courtaboeuf, France) fitted with a flame ionisation detector were used to determine SF 6 and CH 4 concentrations, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dehydrated lucerne and soya bean meal on milk production and composition, nutrient digestion, and methane and nitrogen losses in dairy cows receiving two different forages

Doreau

Ferlay

Rochette

et al. 2014

Animal

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Dehydrated lucerne is used as a protein source in dairy cow rations, but little is known about the effects of lucerne on greenhouse gas production by animals. Eight Holstein dairy cows (average weight: 582 kg) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. They received diets based on either maize silage (M) or grass silage (G) (45% of diet on dry matter (DM) basis), with either soya bean meal (15% of diet DM) completed with beet pulp (15% of diet DM) (SP) or dehydrated lucerne (L) (30% of diet DM) as protein sources; MSP, ML, GSP and GL diets were calculated to meet energy requirements for milk production by dairy cows and degradable protein for rumen microbes. Dry matter intake (DMI) did not differ among diets (18.0 kg/day DMI); milk production was higher with SP diets than with L diets (26.0 v. 24.1 kg/day), but milk production did not vary with forage type. Milk fatty-acid (FA) composition was modified by both forage and protein sources: L and G diets resulted in less saturated FA, less linoleic acid, more trans-monounsaturated FA, and more linolenic acid than SP and M diets, respectively. Enteric methane (CH 4 ) production, measured by the SF 6 tracer method, was higher for G diets than for M diets, but did not differ with protein source. The same effects were observed when CH 4 was expressed per kg milk. Minor effects of diets on rumen fermentation pattern were observed. Manure CH 4 emissions estimated from faecal organic matter were negatively related to diet digestibility and were thus higher for L than SP diets, and higher for M than G diets; the resulting difference in total CH 4 production was small. Owing to diet formulation constraints, N intake was higher for SP than for L diets; interaction between forage type and protein source was significant for N intake. The same statistical effects were found for N in milk. Faecal and urinary N losses were determined from total faeces and urine collection. Faecal N output was lower for M than for G diets but did not differ between protein sources. Urinary N output did not differ between forage types, but was lower for cows fed L diets than for cows fed SP diets, potentially resulting in lower ammonia emissions with L diets. Replacing soya bean meal plus beet pulp with dehydrated lucerne did not change CH 4 production, but resulted in more N in faeces and less N in urine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dehydrated lucerne and soya bean meal on milk production and composition, nutrient digestion, and methane and nitrogen losses in dairy cows receiving two different forages

Doreau

Ferlay

Rochette

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…During the 7-day period, the SF 6 gas tracer technique was used according to the method described by Martin et al (2008) in order to measure the individual production of enteric CH 4 by the studied cows. In brief, a calibrated permeable tube containing ultra pure SF 6 was placed in the rumen of each cow before the experimental period.…”

Section: Quantification Of Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This gas sample was stored in a canister placed near the animal (more or less one meter) in a way that the animal could not touch it. The canister was changed daily after morning feeding and the CH 4 and SF 6 concentrations were analyzed using GC (Martin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Quantification Of Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of milk mid-infrared spectra to predict individual methane emission of dairy cows

Dehareng

Delfosse

Froidmont

et al. 2012

animal

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119

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This study investigates the feasibility to predict individual methane (CH 4 ) emissions from dairy cows using milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectra. To have a large variability of milk composition, two experiments were conducted on 11 lactating Holstein cows (two primiparous and nine multiparous). The first experiment aimed to induce a large variation in CH 4 emission by feeding two different diets: the first one was mainly composed of fresh grass and sugar beet pulp and the second one of maize silage and hay. The second experiment consisted of grass and corn silage with cracked corn, soybean meal and dried pulp. For each milking period, the milk yields were recorded twice daily and a milk sample of 50 ml was collected from each cow and analyzed by MIR spectrometry. Individual CH 4 emissions were measured daily using the sulfur hexafluoride method during a 7-day period. CH 4 daily emissions ranged from 10.2 to 47.1 g CH 4 /kg of milk. The spectral data were transformed to represent an average daily milk spectrum (AMS), which was related to the recorded daily CH 4 data. By assuming a delay before the production of fermentation products in the rumen and their use to produce milk components, five different calculations were used: AMS at days 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 compared with the CH 4 measurement. The equations were built using Partial Least Squares regression. From the calculated R 2 cv , it appears that the accuracy of CH 4 prediction by MIR changed in function of the milking days. In our experimental conditions, the AMS at day 1.5 compared with the measure of CH 4 emissions gave the best results. The R 2 and s.e. of the cross-validation were equal to 0.79 and 5.14 g of CH 4 /kg of milk. The multiple correlation analysis performed in this study showed the existence of a close relationship between milk fatty acid (FA) profile and CH 4 emission at day 1.5. The lower R 2 (R 2 5 0.76) obtained between FA profile and CH 4 emission compared with the one corresponding to the obtained calibration (R 2 c 5 0.87) shows the interest to apply directly the developed CH 4 equation instead of the use of correlations between FA and CH 4 . In conclusion, our preliminary results suggest the feasibility of direct CH 4 prediction from milk MIR spectra. Additional research has the potential to improve the calibrations even further. This alternative method could be useful to predict the individual CH 4 emissions at farm level or at the regional scale and it also could be used to identify low-CH 4 -emitting cows.

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that the use of specific forage species, forage conservation methods and dietary lipid supplements can be used to alter milk fat composition in ruminants (Dewhurst et al, 2006;Chilliard et al, 2007;Glasser et al, 2008a). Furthermore, plant oils and oilseeds in the diet also decrease methanogenesis in ruminants (Machmü ller et al, 2003;Martin et al, 2008;Beauchemin et al, 2009). Due to the interrelationship between diet composition, rumen metabolism and mammary lipogenesis, on-farm feeding regimens for decreasing greenhouse gas emissions or altering milk fatty acid composition can also be expected to influence milk fat content ) depending on diet composition and ruminant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of trans fatty acids in the nutritional regulation of mammary lipogenesis in ruminants

Shingfield

Bernard

Leroux

et al. 2010

Animal

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336

427

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Fat is an important constituent contributing to the organoleptic, processing and physical properties of ruminant milk. Understanding the regulation of milk fat synthesis is central to the development of nutritional strategies to enhance the nutritional value of milk, decrease milk energy secretion and improve the energy balance of lactating ruminants. Nutrition is the major environmental factor regulating the concentration and composition of fat in ruminant milk. Feeding low-fibre/high-starch diets and/or lipid supplements rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids induce milk fat depression (MFD) in the bovine, typically increase milk fat secretion in the caprine, whereas limited data in sheep suggest that the responses are more similar to the goat than the cow. Following the observation that reductions in milk fat synthesis during diet-induced MFD are associated with increases in the concentration of specific trans fatty acids in milk, the biohydrogenation theory of MFD was proposed, which attributes the causal mechanism to altered ruminal lipid metabolism leading to increased formation of specific biohydrogenation intermediates that exert anti-lipogenic effects. Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is the only biohydrogenation intermediate to have been infused at the abomasum over a range of experimental doses (1.25 to 14.0 g/day) and shown unequivocally to inhibit milk fat synthesis in ruminants. However, increases in ruminal trans-10, cis-12 CLA formation do not explain entirely diet-induced MFD, suggesting that other biohydrogenation intermediates and/or other mechanisms may also be involved. Experiments involving abomasal infusions (g/day) in lactating cows have provided evidence that cis-10, trans-12 CLA (1.2), trans-9, cis-11 CLA (5.0) and trans-10 18:1 (92.1) may also exert anti-lipogenic effects. Use of molecular-based approaches have demonstrated that mammary abundance of transcripts encoding for key lipogenic genes are reduced during MFD in the bovine, changes that are accompanied by decrease in sterol response element binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and alterations in the expression of genes related to the SREBP1 pathway. Recent studies indicate that transcription of one or more adipogenic genes is increased in subcutaneous adipose tissue in cows during acute or chronic MFD. Feeding diets of similar composition do not induce MFD or substantially alter mammary lipogenic gene expression in the goat. The available data suggests that variation in mammary fatty acid secretion and lipogenic responses to changes in diet composition between ruminants reflect inherent interspecies differences in ruminal lipid metabolism and mammary specific regulation of cellular processes and key lipogenic enzymes involved in the synthesis of milk fat triacylglycerides.Keywords: milk fat, trans fatty acids, gene expression, lipogenesis, ruminants ImplicationsUnderstanding the regulation of milk fat synthesis is central to the development of nutritional strategies to enhance the nutritional value of milk, decrease milk-energ...

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Methane output and diet digestibility in response to feeding dairy cows crude linseed, extruded linseed, or linseed oil1

Cited by 308 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of dehydrated lucerne and soya bean meal on milk production and composition, nutrient digestion, and methane and nitrogen losses in dairy cows receiving two different forages

Effects of dehydrated lucerne and soya bean meal on milk production and composition, nutrient digestion, and methane and nitrogen losses in dairy cows receiving two different forages

Potential use of milk mid-infrared spectra to predict individual methane emission of dairy cows

Role of trans fatty acids in the nutritional regulation of mammary lipogenesis in ruminants

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