“…Even though several genetically engineered Bacilli have been constructed for various industrial applications (Wang et al, 2006 ; Drejer et al, 2020 ), the bioremediation applications of genetically engineered Bacilli is very limited. Huang et al ( 2015 ) constructed a genetically engineered B. subtilis 168 expressing the arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase gene of thermophilic algae for bioremediation of arsenic.…”
Section: Advanced Technologies For Bioremediation Of Xenobiotic Compomentioning
Xenobiotic compounds are man-made compounds and widely used in dyes, drugs, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, explosives, and other industrial chemicals. These compounds have been released into our soil and water due to anthropogenic activities and improper waste disposal practices and cause serious damage to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems due to their toxic nature. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has listed several toxic substances as priority pollutants. Bacterial remediation is identified as an emerging technique to remove these substances from the environment. Many bacterial genera are actively involved in the degradation of toxic substances. Among the bacterial genera, the members of the genus
Bacillus
have a great potential to degrade or transform various toxic substances. Many
Bacilli
have been isolated and characterized by their ability to degrade or transform a wide range of compounds including both naturally occurring substances and xenobiotic compounds. This review describes the biodegradation potentials of
Bacilli
toward various toxic substances, including 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, explosives, drugs, polycyclic aromatic compounds, heavy metals, azo dyes, and aromatic acids. Besides, the advanced technologies used for bioremediation of environmental pollutants using
Bacilli
are also briefly described. This review will increase our understanding of
Bacilli
-mediated degradation of xenobiotic compounds and heavy metals.
“…Even though several genetically engineered Bacilli have been constructed for various industrial applications (Wang et al, 2006 ; Drejer et al, 2020 ), the bioremediation applications of genetically engineered Bacilli is very limited. Huang et al ( 2015 ) constructed a genetically engineered B. subtilis 168 expressing the arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase gene of thermophilic algae for bioremediation of arsenic.…”
Section: Advanced Technologies For Bioremediation Of Xenobiotic Compomentioning
Xenobiotic compounds are man-made compounds and widely used in dyes, drugs, pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, explosives, and other industrial chemicals. These compounds have been released into our soil and water due to anthropogenic activities and improper waste disposal practices and cause serious damage to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems due to their toxic nature. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has listed several toxic substances as priority pollutants. Bacterial remediation is identified as an emerging technique to remove these substances from the environment. Many bacterial genera are actively involved in the degradation of toxic substances. Among the bacterial genera, the members of the genus
Bacillus
have a great potential to degrade or transform various toxic substances. Many
Bacilli
have been isolated and characterized by their ability to degrade or transform a wide range of compounds including both naturally occurring substances and xenobiotic compounds. This review describes the biodegradation potentials of
Bacilli
toward various toxic substances, including 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, explosives, drugs, polycyclic aromatic compounds, heavy metals, azo dyes, and aromatic acids. Besides, the advanced technologies used for bioremediation of environmental pollutants using
Bacilli
are also briefly described. This review will increase our understanding of
Bacilli
-mediated degradation of xenobiotic compounds and heavy metals.
“…4 ; black bars), the fluorescence from the control strain was strongly reduced in comparison to induced conditions (> 85% reduction), however some background expression was still detectable. It has previously been reported that the xylose inducible promoter is not tightly regulated in B. methanolicus , resulting in background expression [ 83 ]. Fig.…”
Background: The suitability of bacteria as microbial cell factories is dependent on several factors such as price of feedstock, product range, production yield and ease of downstream processing. The facultative methylotroph Bacillus methanolicus is gaining interest as a thermophilic cell factory for production of value-added products from methanol. The aim of this study was to expand the capabilities of B. methanolicus as a microbial cell factory by establishing a system for secretion of recombinant proteins. Results: Native and heterologous signal peptides were tested for secretion of α-amylases and proteases, and we have established the use of the thermostable superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) as a valuable reporter protein in B. methanolicus. We demonstrated functional production and secretion of recombinant proteases, α-amylases and sfGFP in B. methanolicus MGA3 at 50 °C and showed that the choice of signal peptide for optimal secretion efficiency varies between proteins. In addition, we showed that heterologous production and secretion of α-amylase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus enables B. methanolicus to grow in minimal medium with starch as the sole carbon source. An in silico signal peptide library consisting of 169 predicted peptides from B. methanolicus was generated and will be useful for future studies, but was not experimentally investigated any further here. Conclusion: A functional system for recombinant production of secreted proteins at 50 °C has been established in the thermophilic B. methanolicus. In addition, an in silico signal peptide library has been generated, that together with the tools and knowledge presented in this work will be useful for further development of B. methanolicus as a host for recombinant protein production and secretion at 50 °C.
“…Methanol is an attractive carbon source for biotechnological application and natural methylotrophs have successfully been used to produce valuable products, such as amino acids or fine chemicals [10]. Selected strains of B. methanolicus secreted up to 70 g/L of l-glutamate or 35 g/L of l-lysine in high-temperature fed-batch cultivations solely from methanol and the l-lysine/l-glutamate derived products cadaverine and gamma-aminobutyric acid have since been added to extend the product spectrum [11][12][13][14].…”
Methanol is a sustainable substrate for biotechnology. In addition to natural methylotrophs, metabolic engineering has gained attention for transfer of methylotrophy. Here, we engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum for methanol-dependent growth with a sugar co-substrate. Heterologous expression of genes for methanol dehydrogenase from Bacillus methanolicus and of ribulose monophosphate pathway genes for hexulose phosphate synthase and isomerase from Bacillus subtilis enabled methanol-dependent growth of mutants carrying one of two independent metabolic cut-offs, i.e., either lacking ribose-5-phosphate isomerase or ribulose-5-phosphate epimerase. Whole genome sequencing of strains selected by adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) for faster methanol-dependent growth was performed. Subsequently, three mutations were identified that caused improved methanol-dependent growth by (1) increased plasmid copy numbers, (2) enhanced riboflavin supply and (3) reduced formation of the methionine-analogue O-methyl-homoserine in the methanethiol pathway. Our findings serve as a foundation for the engineering of C. glutamicum to unleash the full potential of methanol as a carbon source in biotechnological processes.
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