Methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 over Pd/ZnO/Al2O3: Catalyst structure dependence of methanol selectivity

Xu, Jinghua; Su, Xiong; Liu, Xiaoyan; Pan, Xiaoli; Pei, Guangxian; Huang, Yanqiang; Wang, Xiaodong; Zhang, Tao; Geng, Haoran

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2016.01.006

Cited by 147 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…However, if the Pd is alloyed with other metals then selectivity can be enhanced. Perhaps the simplest example of this is that if the Pd is supported on ZnO, then high temperature reduction (>∼300 °C) results in the formation of the 1 : 1 PdZn alloy, which then shows very good selectivity to methanol . Such catalysts can be synthesised in a number of ways, and with other supports, such as ZnAl 2 O 3 , to improve performance, which can match well with that of conventional CZA catalysts.…”

Section: Novel Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…example of this is that if the Pd is supported on ZnO, then high temperature reduction (>~300°C) results in the formation of the 1 : 1 PdZn alloy, [41,42] which then shows very good selectivity to methanol. [41][42][43][44][45] Such catalysts can be synthesised in a number of ways, and with other supports, such as ZnAl 2 O 3 , to improve performance, which can match well with that of conventional CZA catalysts. They can also be made to operate with Pd levels as low as 1 % and be effective, but they are still too expensive.…”

Section: Novel Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

2019

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In the future we will be phasing out the use of fossil fuels in favour of more sustainable forms of energy, especially solar derived forms such as hydroelectric, wind and photovoltaic. However, due to the variable nature of the latter sources which depend on time of day, and season of the year, we also need to have a way of storing such energy at peak production times for use in times of low production. One way to do this is to convert such energy into chemical energy, and the principal way considered at present is the production of hydrogen. Although this may be achieved directly in the future via photocatalytic water splitting, at present it is electrolytic production which dominates thinking. In turn, it may well be important to store this hydrogen in an energy dense liquid form such as methanol or ammonia. In this brief review it is emphasised that CO2 is the microscopic carbon source for current industrial methanol synthesis, operating through the surface formate intermediate, although when using CO in the feed, it is CO which is hydrogenated at the global scale. However, methanol can be produced from pure CO2 and hydrogen using conventional and novel types of catalysts. Examples of such processes, and of a demonstrator plant in construction, are given, which utilize CO2 (which would otherwise enter the atmosphere directly) and hydrogen which can be produced in a sustainable manner. This is a fast‐evolving area of science and new ideas and processes will be developed in the near future.

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Section: Novel Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novel Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

2019

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“…Experiments conducted by Xu et al for CO 2 hydrogenation to methanole mploying aP d/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 catalysts howedt he effect of reduction in temperature and Pd loading on the catalytic performance. [30] They have also demonstrated that the active sites of methanols ynthesis by meanso fC O 2 hydrogenation are both PdZn alloy and Pd modified by ZnO x islands. On the other hand, variable characteristics of Cu-ZnO-Al 2 O 3 catalysts by altering the CO 2 concentration for CO 2 -based methanol synthesis have been observed by Martin et al [31] Fluidized bed reactorsa re largely employed for higher CO 2 conversions due to higherm ass and heat transfer in this multiphaser eaction.…”

Section: Methanol Synthesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Supported Porous Nanomaterials as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO₂ Fixation Reactions

Bhanja

Modak

Bhaumik

2018

Chemistry A European J

116

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CO is a major greenhouse gas responsible for global warming and can act as an abundant and inexpensive C1 source for enhancing the chain length/functionalization of a wide range of reactive organic molecules. It is moderately reactive, nontoxic and renewable. Thus, CO fixation reactions are important to meet the global challenges, that is, to mitigate the concentration of CO in the atmosphere through its fruitful utilization, which is of great interest from economic and environmental perspectives. Various metallic nanoparticles as well as metal oxides can be supported over high surface area porous materials and the resulting nanomaterial can act as heterogeneous and reusable solid catalyst for CO fixation reactions for the synthesis of a large number of fuels, natural products agrochemicals, and pharmaceutical compounds. Here we present an overview of the recent progress as well as promising future of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles supported over porous nanomaterials as heterogeneous catalysts for a wide spectrum of these CO fixation reactions.

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“…Adding CO 2 to the reactants mixture could control the strong oxidizing nature of oxygen. Generally, the gas promoters are already used in some applications, such as CO 2 as a dope in the oxidation of alkyl aromatics [11], methanol synthesis from synthesis gas [12] and the oxidative dehydrogenation of isobutene over LaBaSm oxide catalysts, but using both CO 2 and O 2 as oxidant in ODH has not been studied widely so far [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sol–gel preparation of NiO/ZrO2(x)–MgO(100−x) nanocatalyst used in CO2/O2 oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene: influence of Mg/Zr ratio on catalytic performance

Nezhad

Haghighi

Jodeiri

et al. 2016

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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A series of NiO/MgO-ZrO 2 mixed oxide catalysts were prepared using the sol-gel method in which the content of MgO and ZrO 2 was varied and the NiO amount was maintained around 5 wt%. The synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, FESEM, PSD, TEM, EDX dot-mapping, FTIR and the BET techniques and tested for the dehydrogenation of ethane in the presence of CO 2 with limited amount of O 2 . Irrespective of the various Mg/Zr ratios, the uniform dispersion of NiO as a common feature of all synthesized samples was evident from the XRD and EDX results. As indicated by XRD and FESEM analyses, a decrease in the size of nanocrystallites and particles and also an increase in the specific surface area were found when MgO phase is present in the sample. The catalytic evaluations revealed that the existence of basic MgO leads to more efficient performance of zirconia especially at higher temperatures. Hence, using both ZrO 2 and MgO increased the ethane conversion and the ethylene yield. This could be attributed to the effect of high reducibility and low surface acidity. It was observed that among the synthesized catalysts, NiO/ZrO 2(75) -MgO (25) was the most active catalyst with an ethane conversion of 66.35 %. However, NiO/ZrO 2(25) -MgO (75) exhibited the best catalytic performance in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane with an ethylene yield of 56.9 % at 650°C. The smaller particle and crystallite size, the narrower particle size distribution, uniform dispersion of the active species and higher surface area with efficient base-acid characteristics seem to be responsible for the superior performance of NiO/ZrO 2(25) -MgO (75) catalyst.Graphical Abstract CO 2 /O 2 oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane was investigated over a series of sol-gel synthesized Ni/ZrO 2 -MgO catalysts differing in Mg/Zr ratio. The presence of MgO alongside zirconia contributed to obtain better textural properties and satisfying ethylene yield. The variation of Mg/Zr ratio indicates that there is optimum MgO content in Ni/ZrO 2(25) -MgO (75) for the best catalytic activity. It is found that Ni/ZrO 2(25) -MgO (75) nanocatalyst, with weight ratio of MgO/ZrO 2 :3/1, effectively dehydrogenated ethane to ethylene in the presence of CO 2 /O 2 at 650°C, giving 56.9 % ethylene yield. This is due to higher surface area, smaller particles and narrow distribution of particle size.

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Methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 over Pd/ZnO/Al2O3: Catalyst structure dependence of methanol selectivity

Cited by 147 publications

References 68 publications

Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

Supported Porous Nanomaterials as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO₂ Fixation Reactions

Sol–gel preparation of NiO/ZrO2(x)–MgO(100−x) nanocatalyst used in CO2/O2 oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene: influence of Mg/Zr ratio on catalytic performance

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Methanol synthesis from CO2 and H2 over Pd/ZnO/Al2O3: Catalyst structure dependence of methanol selectivity

Cited by 147 publications

References 68 publications

Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation

Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation

Supported Porous Nanomaterials as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO2 Fixation Reactions

Sol–gel preparation of NiO/ZrO2(x)–MgO(100−x) nanocatalyst used in CO2/O2 oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene: influence of Mg/Zr ratio on catalytic performance

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Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

Methanol Synthesis from CO₂ Hydrogenation

Supported Porous Nanomaterials as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for CO₂ Fixation Reactions