METHICILLIN‐RESISTANT
            <i>STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS</i>
            BACTERAEMIA

McDonald, Malcolm; Hurse, Allison; Sim, Kwang N.

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb100894.x

Cited by 57 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, a new epidemic of methicillin-resistant 5. aureus has appeared, causing particular problems in Australia, the United States, Eire and, more recently, in the United Kingdom. 26 " 28 The reason for their re-appearance is also unknown, but it may be because the organism has acquired new properties, providing better "transmissibility." Other methicillin-resistant S. aureus appear at times in most hospitals and do not spread even in the absence of control measures.…”

Section: The Role Of the Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum

Ayliffe

1986

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Prevalence surveys in different countries have shown that about 1 in 10 hospitalized patients at any one time have acquired an infection and the incidence of infection is usually about 3% to 5%. Can this infection rate be significantly reduced and is there an irreducible minimum below which further reduction cannot be obtained? Cross-infection could probably be almost eliminated by the use of plastic isolators or life islands, and endogenous infections reduced by the wider and more rational prophylactic use of topical and systemic antimicrobial agents, and possibly a range of vaccines. However, the use of these techniques on all patients would clearly be impractical and too expensive for use in the foreseeable future. Excessive isolation techniques would have a detrimental psychological effect on many patients. In addition, failure to eradicate the organisms of the normal flora might be associated with more infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, fungi and viruses which would be more difficult to treat. Even if organisms could be eradicated, morbidity and mortality might not be correspondingly reduced. Priorities must therefore be set on the most effective use of staff and finances. These not only involve a consideration of infection, but all areas of clinical practice, eg, costs of cardiac transplants and provision of geriatric facilities. It therefore seems likely that little additional finance will be available for control of infection, other than possibly for transmissible infections with high mortality such as AIDS.

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Section: The Role Of the Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum

Ayliffe

1986

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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“…However, the widespread use of the penicillin led to the emergence of penicillin-resistant S. aureus (PRSA) (Chen and Huang, 2014). With the release of beta-lactamase-resistant penicillins such as methicillin and oxacillin in the 1970s, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) emerged and became an important cause of infectious diseases acquired in hospitals and communities worldwide (McDonald et al., 1981). Since this situation exists, it is necessary to fight against MRSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Yu¹,

Liu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Background: Dracocephalum moldavica L. is a popular traditional medicine used by many countries, which has a wide range of pharmacological effects. The aim of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of D. moldavica L. extracts against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus . Our results demonstrated that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for 50 and 90% of S. aureus isolates (MIC 50 and MIC 90 ) of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction from D. moldavica L . ethanol extract were 780 and 1,065 μg/ml, respectively. We further observed that the EtOAc fraction disrupted 24-h biofilm caused cell membrane damage and irregular cell shape. Additionally, the EtOAc fraction showed slight to moderate toxic effects on human epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Moreover, the results of the differential proteome revealed that 231 proteins were upregulated, while 61 proteins were downregulated in S. aureus after treatment with the EtOAc fraction. The differentially expressed proteins were functionally categorized by the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. These proteins contribute to membrane damage, inhibition of biofilm formation, and changes in energy metabolism. Thus, the EtOAc fraction of D. moldavica L. ethanol extract, as a natural product, has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent to control the clinical isolates of S. aureus .

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“…This enzyme is identical in sequence to that of a reference strain (PDB entry 4ahp) [15]. The data presented are important for further optimization of inhibitor design and synthesis, which may lead to the development of novel antibiotic drugs that target this clinically important human bacterial pathogen [16][17][18][19][20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure and inhibition ofN‐acetylneuraminate lyase from methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus

et al. 2016

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N-Acetylneuraminate lyase is the first committed enzyme in the degradation of sialic acid by bacterial pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the kinetic parameters of N-acetylneuraminate lyase from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We determined that the enzyme has a relatively high K of 3.2 mm, suggesting that flux through the catabolic pathway is likely to be controlled by this enzyme. Our data indicate that sialic acid alditol, a known inhibitor of N-acetylneuraminate lyase enzymes, is a stronger inhibitor of MRSA N-acetylneuraminate lyase than of Clostridium perfringens N-acetylneuraminate lyase. Our analysis of the crystal structure of ligand-free and 2R-sialic acid alditol-bound MRSA N-acetylneuraminate lyase suggests that subtle dynamic differences in solution and/or altered binding interactions within the active site may account for species-specific inhibition.

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METHICILLIN‐RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERAEMIA

Cited by 57 publications

References 29 publications

Nosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum

Nosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum

Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Dracocephalum moldavica L. Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

Structure and inhibition ofN‐acetylneuraminate lyase from methicillin‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus

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