Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appendicitis

Safaya, Aditya; Stockberger, Morgan; Li, Karl I.; Wang, Guiqing; Pee, Seunghwan; Stringel, Gustavo

doi:10.1016/j.epsc.2018.01.019

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, presence of Staphylococcus aureus in appendiceal lumen, serosa, or intra-abdominal fluid is only reported in 0.68-3.7% of cases [ 7 – 9 ]. Safaya et al presented the first known cases of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) positive peritoneal fluid cultures in acute appendicitis [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: appendicitis induced Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in a young healthy male

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Appendicitis is one of the most frequently encountered conditions at the emergency department. Distinction is made between complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis. Complicated appendicitis may cause serious intra-abdominal infection, bacteremia, or sepsis. Emergency health providers should be highly alert to any early signs indicating such complications. Case presentation We present the case of a healthy young male with a gangrenous appendicitis, who received antibiotics and underwent appendectomy. Blood cultures showed unequivocal Staphylococcus aureus and concomitant Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia requiring prolonged antibiotic treatment and further diagnostic evaluation. Conclusions Although rare, appendicitis can cause Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia with extensive implications for workup and antibiotic management. Our case stresses the importance of obtaining cultures in patients with suspicion of bacteremia given its consequences for clinical management.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: appendicitis induced Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in a young healthy male

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Th erefore, systematic bacteriological cultures are of great importance for the detection of epidemiological changes in the resistance patterns of pathogens associated with AA. It is necessary to systematically carry out bacteriological examinations so that in the future it could be possible to adjust the antibiotic treatment scheme according to the sensitivity of the identifi ed species [9,14].…”

Section: Species Characteristics Of Causative Agents Of Acute Appendi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aureus is commonly found as a commensal microorganism of the skin and upper respiratory tract. Isolation of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in various abdominal infections such as diverticulitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and infected peritoneal dialysis catheters has been described in [14]. Th e fecal carriage of S. aureus is reported in the literature to be 26%, but it is rarely detected in isolates obtained aft er appendectomy.…”

Section: Species Characteristics Of Causative Agents Of Acute Appendi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Characteristics of Causative Agents of Acute Appendicitis in Children and Determination of Their Susceptibility to Antibiotics

Zahrychuk,

Mykhailyshyn,

Volch

et al. 2023

Mikrobiol. Z.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In pediatric surgery, acute appendicitis is considered one of the most common problems requiring surgical intervention. Among the causes of this disease, microorganisms are of primary importance. The specificity of postoperative treatment depends both on the degree of virulence of the pathogen and on the microbial load that caused the inflammatory process. The increase in the use of antimicrobial agents is of great concern because of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the issue of rational postoperative antibiotic therapy remains relevant, as excessive, often unjustified use and incorrect dosage of drugs have become the cause of many medical problems. The aim of the research was to determine the species structure and analyze antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in biomaterial obtained from children after appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Methods. We studied biomaterial obtained from 74 patients aged 2—18 years who were treated at the MNCE Ternopil Regional Children Clinical Hospital TRC in the period from September 2021 to March 2022. After appendectomy, the samples were placed in a transport medium for further laboratory research, which involved staining smears according to the Gram method, sowing microorganisms on nutrient media such as blood agar, salt agar, sugar broth and serum agar, and Endo medium for enterobacteria as well as for anaerobic pathogens — thioglycolic medium and Kitta-Tarozzi medium, and identifying by morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. The sensitivity of selected pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics was determined using the Kirby-Bauer method. Statistical processing of digital data was carried out using Excel software (Microsoft, USA) and the Statistica 10.0 program. Results. 74 children aged from 2 to 18 years were involved in the study. E. coli (28.4% of all examined), S. aureus (21.6%), and P. aeruginosa (14.9%) were found during the laboratory study of biomaterial. E. faecalis, Klebsiella spp., S. epidermidis, and S. viridans occurred much less often (from 9.4% to 4.5%). The study of antibiotic resistance showed that the isolated microorganisms differed significantly in their sensitivity both to different groups of antimicrobial agents and to generations of drugs within the same group. Ceftriaxone was the most effective inhibitor of all detected microorganisms. E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and S. epidermidis showed 100% sensitivity to it, and the others — within 75—50%. Bacteria Klebsiella spp. and S. epidermidis were sensitive to amikacin, strains of E. coli — 90.5%, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus — 81.8% and 81.2%, respectively. Amoxiclav and ampisulbin had weak inhibitory activity, except for 100% of Klebsiella spp. and 75% of E. faecalis, which were inhibited only by amoxiclav. However, almost all studied microorganisms were partially sensitive to azithromycin. The activity of this antibiotic ranged from 100—81.8% (S. epidermidis, S. aureus) to 36.4% (P. aeruginosa). Conclusions. The most common causative agents of acute appendicitis among children are the following microorganisms: E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and sporadically — S. saprophiticus, Micrococus spp., S. viridans, and Candida spp. Among the antibiotics used for the treatment of postoperative complications in various forms of appendicitis, the most effective were ceftriaxone — cephalosporins of the III generation — 100—66.7%, amikacin — aminoglycosides — 100—57.1%, and furagin — nitrofuran derivatives — 100—60%. The studied microorganisms were the least sensitive to penicillins and antibiotics of the II generation of the fluoroquinolone group. Resistance of microorganisms to certain antibiotics was also found, in particular: P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis — to cefuroxime and cefazolin; E. coli and S. aureus — to tobramycin, S. epidermidis — to ofloxacin and amoxiclav.

show abstract

“…It is the most clinically-relevant Staphylococcus species, with a large prevalence of tissue and bloodstream infections due to chronic skin conditions and surgical procedures. Through horizontal gene transfer, MRSA strains show resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, leading to endemics in healthcare facilities worldwide [31,32]. Diagnosis is most commonly performed with phenotypic cell culture assays.…”

Section: Bocs For Determining Clinical Mdr Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assays look for the presence of the mecA gene encoding the PBP2a penicillin-binding protein with a cefoxitin (a beta-lactam, with resistance being of the type OXA class D) antibiotic inducer. The culture tests must incubate for > 24 hours, with overall time for testing usually being > 46 hours [31].…”

Section: Bocs For Determining Clinical Mdr Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

BOCS: DNA k-mer content and scoring for rapid genetic biomarker identification at low coverage

Korshoj

Nagpal

2019

Computers in Biology and Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A single, inexpensive diagnostic test capable of rapidly identifying a wide range of genetic biomarkers would prove invaluable in precision medicine. Previous work has demonstrated the potential for high-throughput, label-free detection of A-G-C-T content in DNA k-mers, providing an alternative to single-letter sequencing while also having inherent lossy data compression and massively parallel data acquisition. Here, we apply a new bioinformatics algorithmblock optical content scoring (BOCS)capable of using the high-throughput content k-mers for rapid, broadspectrum identification of genetic biomarkers. BOCS uses content-based sequence alignment for probabilistic mapping of k-mer contents to gene sequences within a biomarker database, resulting in a probability ranking of genes on a content score. Simulations of the BOCS algorithm reveal high accuracy for identification of single antibiotic resistance genes, even in the presence of significant sequencing errors (100% accuracy for no sequencing errors, and > 90% accuracy for sequencing errors at 20%), and at well below full coverage of the genes. Simulations for detecting multiple resistance genes within a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain showed 100% accuracy at an average gene coverage of merely 0.515, when the k-mer lengths were variable and with 4% sequencing error within the k-mer blocks. Extension of BOCS to cancer and other genetic diseases met or exceeded the results for resistance genes. Combined with a highthroughput content-based sequencing technique, the BOCS algorithm potentiates a test capable of rapid diagnosis and profiling of genetic biomarkers ranging from antibiotic resistance to cancer and other genetic diseases.

show abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus appendicitis

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Case report: appendicitis induced Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in a young healthy male

Case report: appendicitis induced Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in a young healthy male

Species Characteristics of Causative Agents of Acute Appendicitis in Children and Determination of Their Susceptibility to Antibiotics

BOCS: DNA k-mer content and scoring for rapid genetic biomarker identification at low coverage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About