Methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development, antioxidants, tight junctions, and growth-related gene expression in chickens

The developmental pattern related to fatty acid uptake and oxidation in the yolk sac membrane and jejunum during embryogenesis in Muscovy duck

“…So far, the developmental change of nutrient utilization has been extensively studied in chick embryos ( Tong et al, 2013 ; Nasri et al, 2020 ; Petit et al, 2022 ; Yin et al, 2023 ), but rarely in Muscovy duck embryos. Moreover, most studies have focused on the role of amino acids ( Wang et al, 2023 ; Lugata et al, 2024 ), carbohydrates ( Retes et al, 2018 ), and minerals ( Halgrain et al, 2022 ; Kpodo and Proszkowiec-Weglarz, 2023 ) on improving embryonic viability, but the nutritional role of either lipid or fatty acid on embryonic development is relatively limited. It is hypothesized that understanding the mobilizations of lipid and fatty acids between YSM and jejunum could be crucial for the growth and viability of avian embryo development.…”