Methoden der Bildgebung und der Knochendichtemessung bei der Osteoporose im Rahmen entzündlich-rheumatischer Erkrankungen

Abstract

Besides clinical history and clinical findings conventional X-ray is important in the evaluation of osteoporosis as the third diagnostic tool. Its purpose is mainly excluding other diseases and proof of fractures as well as their follow up. Also X-ray is able to demonstrate complications of osteoporosis such as insuffiency fractures and effects of therapy as for example fluorosis. For very early diagnosis bone densitometry is used. Today the improved methods deliver fracture prediction percentages of high value. As a planar measurement method DXA of the spine and of the femoral neck can be used. Volumetric tools, which can measure trabecular bone, without overlying cortical bone, are computed tomography of the spine and of the distal radius. Quantitative ultrasound is an interesting approach, but which does not really measure bone densitometry and which is net yet suited for clinical follow up. Quantitative Magnetic Resonance is far from routine clinical application.