Methodological Directions of the Development of a Model of Individualization of Training of Sportsmen Specializing in Speed Power Type of Athletics

Abstract

AnnotationsToday, an increasing number of negative consequences are accumulating arising from the unreasonable compromises of the leveling concept in the training process. Due to these circumstances, it is more meaningful to recognize that, as the results of women move closer to the zone of sporting achievements, this approach is not only archaic, but also irrational, since it is in principle at odds with the unique specific features of the female body. All this can not but have a negative impact on the level of sporting achievements and on the health status of athletes in the range of the entire system of many years of sports training -from beginner to international sports master.The purpose of the study is to develop and substantiate an innovative model of the individualization of training women in speed-strength types of athletics based on dimorphic features. The set of methods used to solve the tasks included: theoretical analysis and synthesis of data from the scientific and methodological literature; psychological and pedagogical testing, interview, pedagogical observation and experiment, modeling and forecasting, methods of statistical processing of the material obtained. Instrumental techniques were used in the work: photoelectronic timing, polydynamometry, seismic myotometry, video tape recorder, anthropometry.The results of the study. The main directions were determined and the sequence of decision-making in the individualization of training of qualified athletes was established, which represented a system of logical prerequisites that mainly determined the organization of the real preparation process. On the basis of the latter, training organization models have been developed, tested in a series of pedagogical experiments on qualified female athletes specializing in speed-strength athletics (sprint, triple jump, hammer throwing). The models include streamlining the training load within the boundaries of the preparation stages and the components of their mesocycles, as well as rational ways of combining the latter into a single system, taking into account the specifics of the type of athletics, the training period, the qualification of the athlete and the inherent individuality.Findings. The implementation of the developed models in the practice of training qualified athletes specializing in speed-strength types of athletics, showed their high productivity. These models, based on consideration of the morphological and functional features of the female athletes, biorhythmic patterns of its operation, synchronization of the training structure and the OMC phases, increased the efficiency of the training process and the effectiveness of competitive activity without increasing the volume and intensity of the applied loads, made the training process more manageable. АнотаціяСьогодні накопичується все більша кількість негативних наслідків, що випливають з нерозумних компромісів зрівняльної концепції в тренувальному процесі. В силу цих обставин більш осмисленим стає визнання того положення, що, відповідно до з...