Methodologies and proposals to facilitate the integration of small and medium consumers in smart grids

Abstract

Future power grids need to be flexible on the demand side to develop a credible energy policy, and in particular the integration of renewable. This objective will need a more active consumer. The demonstration of customer capabilities is an important challenge for small and medium-sized segments, since their potential (contribution to load curve) is undoubtedly of interest. REDYD-2050 (http://www.redyd2050-der.eu/) is a research network funded by Spanish Government (2015-2017) that integrates seven groups that develop research in key technologies to achieve an integral development of demand response (DR). This article presents the objectives of the network, including integrating technologies and proposing innovative solutions to DR concerns such as modelling and aggregation, automation, application of ICT, implementation in markets, price and consumption forecasts, or monitoring and verification.

Integration of Methodologies for the Evaluation of Offer Curves in Energy and Capacity Markets through Energy Efficiency and Demand Response

“…Otherwise, preheating does not have any positive result (more comfort during the control period, more flexibility in the control period, indirect energy storage in walls). The simulation also establishes and fixes LReu and LSeu values (eu = EH) in Equation (11) (Figure 6d). …”

“…Moreover, other concerns arise: the provision of some feedback to customers; to guarantee the security of that information (education and cyber-security concerns [11]); the way to build demand packages, enabling the performance of aggregators; their relationship with Curtailment Service Providers (CSP), Balance Responsible Parties (BRP) or Load Serving Entities (LSE) [12]; and, finally, the improvement of DR cost-effectiveness (response optimization, ICT management, price prediction, market synergies between DR and Energy Efficiency, ...). Due to the aforesaid arguments, DR is so complex that it is difficult to achieve an optimal solution.…”

“…This is the idea and main concern of this paper. Figure 1 shows an overview of the problems dealing with Demand Response and Distributed Energy Resources for residential segments proposed by REDYD 2050 Spanish research network [11], which are developed in this paper through an approach focused on the concerns faced by aggregator and customers. As it has already mentioned customer and aggregators need methodologies to anticipate cost-effectiveness of DR&EE policies and the flexibility of demand attributable to them.…”

“…Right now, the first alternative for the aggregation problem is to solve the elemental model for each load in the selected group and obtain an average demand (and service characteristics of such loads, i.e., internal temperature for space heating, or water temperature for water heaters) of the aggregated load (for example through Monte Carlo simulation). This procedure needs the simulation of large numbers of loads (1000-10,000) and a lot of computation time [21] (this time could be an important concern in some markets, for example from the point of view of Ancillary Services [11,22]). …”