Methodologies to Assess the Biodegradability of Bio-Based Polymers—Current Knowledge and Existing Gaps

Pires, João Ricardo Afonso; Fuciños, Pablo; Pastrana, Lorenzo; Fernando, Ana Luísa Almaça da Cruz

doi:10.3390/polym14071359

Cited by 71 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Work is underway to replace traditional polymers/plastics made from petroleum-based with alternative biodegradable materials. To consider these bioproducts as more viable options than traditional polymer materials, it is necessary to ensure that they are wholly biodegradable or compostable and reduce the release of hazardous compounds into the environment during their degradation [ 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Technological Parameters of the Process of Forming Therapeutic Biopolymer Nanofilled Films

et al. 2022

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The prospects of using biopolymer nano-containing films for wound healing were substantiated. The main components of biopolymer composites are gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, glycerin, lactic acid, distilled water, and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Biopolymer composites were produced according to various technological parameters using a mould with a chrome coating. The therapeutic properties of biopolymer films were evaluated by measuring the diameter of the protective effect. Physico-mechanical properties were studied: elasticity, vapour permeability, degradation time, and swelling. To study the influence of technological parameters of the formation process of therapeutic biopolymer nanofilled films on their therapeutic and physico-mechanical properties, the planning of the experiment was used. According to the results of the experiments, mathematical models of the second-order were built. The optimal values of technological parameters of the process are determined, which provide biopolymer nanofilled films with maximum healing ability (diameter of protective action) and sufficiently high physical and mechanical properties: elasticity, vapour permeability, degradation time and swelling. The research results showed that the healing properties of biopolymer films mainly depend on the content of ZnO NPs. Degradation of these biopolymer films provides dosed drug delivery to the affected area. The products of destruction are carbon dioxide, water, and a small amount of ZnO in the bound state, which indicates the environmental safety of the developed biopolymer film.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Technological Parameters of the Process of Forming Therapeutic Biopolymer Nanofilled Films

et al. 2022

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“…101 The biopolymers are increasingly used in food and consumer goods packaging, which are categorised as environmental friendly packaging materials. 12,29,45,51,129,130 The major markets where the biopolymers can emerge are food, nonfood, personal and healthcare products and other consumer goods packaging. 13 Variety of agricultural commodities and food waste can be utilised for developing biopolymer-based coatings and films.…”

Section: Packaging Applications Of Different Biopolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopolymers for packaging applications: An overview

Juikar

Warkar

2022

Packag Technol Sci

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Biopolymers are fourth generation packaging materials. Due to the shortcomings of the petrochemical‐based polymers and their threat to the environment, biopolymers are seen as the sustainable substitute for traditional synthetic polymers and have attracted the researchers towards the development of biopolymer‐based packaging materials. However, biopolymers suffer from flaws like inferior mechanical strength and thermal stability, which poses its inability to use at industrial scale. The recent studies thus highlighted the different modification methods such as reactive or nonreactive compatibilisation to conquer such issues. The present article recapitulates the various biopolymers developed in the recent past, modification methods for their processing and their packaging applications.

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“…Plastics are polymers, or solid materials, that become flexible if heated and may thus be placed into molds. They are resistant to microbial attack and do not easily decompose in the environment [ 23 , 24 ] due to their excessive molecular mass, large number of aromatic rings, special bonds, or halogen substitutions. HDPE and LDPE are the synthetic polymers which are used the most often [ 8 ].…”

Section: Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Approach in Biodegradation of Synthetic Thermoplastic Polymers: An Overview

et al. 2022

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Biodegradation is necessary for water-soluble or water-immiscible polymers because they eventually enter streams which can neither be recycled nor incinerated. It is important to consider the microbial degradation of natural and synthetic polymers in order to understand what is necessary for biodegradation and the mechanisms involved. Low/high-density polyethylene is a vital cause of environmental pollution. It occurs by choking the sewer line through mishandling, thus posing an everlasting ecological threat. Environmental pollution due to the unscrupulous consumption of synthetic polymers derived from petroleum has an adverse impact on the environment since the majority of plastics do not degrade, and the further incineration of synthetic plastics generates CO2 and dioxin. This requires understanding the interactions between materials and microorganisms and the biochemical changes involved. Widespread studies on the biodegradation of plastics have been carried out in order to overcome the environmental problems associated with synthetic plastic waste. Awareness of the waste problem and its impact on the environment has awakened new interest in the area of degradable polymers through microbes viz., bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. The microbial degradation of plastics is caused by certain enzymatic activities that lead to a chain cleavage of polymers into oligomers and monomers. This review focuses on the biodegradation rate of plastics by fungal and bacterial communities and the mode of action of biodegradation.

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Methodologies to Assess the Biodegradability of Bio-Based Polymers—Current Knowledge and Existing Gaps

Cited by 71 publications

References 80 publications

Optimization of Technological Parameters of the Process of Forming Therapeutic Biopolymer Nanofilled Films

Optimization of Technological Parameters of the Process of Forming Therapeutic Biopolymer Nanofilled Films

Biopolymers for packaging applications: An overview

Novel Approach in Biodegradation of Synthetic Thermoplastic Polymers: An Overview

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