Methodologies to characterize, identify and quantify nano- and sub-micron sized plastics in relevant media for human exposure: a critical review

Bruin, Carlo Roberto de; Rijke, Eva de; Wezel, Annemarie P. van; Astefanei, Alina

doi:10.1039/d1va00024a

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Nevertheless, since in most of the DLS measurements MP sizes exceeded 100 nm, which is in agreement with the producer declaration, we classified them to MPs rather than to NPs according to the common size classification [ 3 , 4 ]. Although a more precise size classification of plastic particles into micro (5 mm–1 μm), submicron (1 μm–100 nm), and nanoplastics (<100 nm) has been recommended [ 45 , 46 ], the term “submicron” is still not widely accepted and the classification to micro and nanoplastics prevails, particularly in studies performed on plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Effects of Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Microplastics on Allium cepa Roots

Biba

Cvjetko

Jakopčić

et al. 2023

Plants

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Plastic contamination has become one of the most pressing environmental issues due to rapidly increasing production of disposable plastic products, their fragmentation into smaller pieces, and long persistence in the environment, which affects all living organisms, including plants. In this study, Allium cepa roots were exposed to 0.01, 0.1, and 1 g L−1 of commercial polystyrene (PS-MPs) and polymethyl methacrylate microparticles (PMMA-MPs) for 72 h. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses showed high stability of both types of MPs in ultrapure water used for A. cepa treatment. Morphometric analysis revealed no significant change in root length compared to control. Pyrolysis hyphenated to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) has proven PS-MPs uptake by onion roots in all treatments, while PMMA-MPs were recorded only upon exposure to the highest concentration. Neither MPs induced any (cyto)toxic effect on root growth and PMMA-MPs even had a stimulating effect on root growth. ROS production as well as lipid and protein oxidation were somewhat higher in PS-MP treatments compared to the corresponding concentrations of PMMA-MP, while neither of the applied MPs induced significant damage to the DNA molecule assayed with a Comet test. Significantly elevated activity of H2O2 scavenging enzymes, catalase, and peroxidases was measured after exposure to both types of MPs. Obtained results suggest that onion roots take up PS-MPs more readily in comparison to PMMA-MPs, while both types of MPs induce a successful activation of antioxidant machinery in root cells that prevented the occurrence of toxic effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Effects of Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Microplastics on Allium cepa Roots

Biba

Cvjetko

Jakopčić

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…All these different NP attributes are often analyzed with separate analytical methods. [78][79][80] Potentially, the implementation of a sample transformation step to facilitate the assessment of multiple sample dimensions at once could be advantageous. This would not only improve the method's efficiency but also allows for obtaining the correlation between different sample attributes.…”

Section: Characterizing Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample transformation in online separations: how chemical conversion advances analytical technology

van der Zon,

Verduin,

van den Hurk

et al. 2024

Chem. Commun.

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“…Scientists have used new, low-cost methods to recycle and value plastics using photothermal catalytic recycling to convert plastics into liquid/wax fuels under concentrated sunlight [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of High Temperature Effect on Quality of Drinking Water Bottled with PET Plastic

Sami Jafat,

Al-Khalaf

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Plastic pollution is currently a global problem and a major threat to human health and the environment. The effect of exposure to thermal and solar stress on the quality of drinking water bottled in plastic for the two types (Aquafina and Alhilwa) was studied. Chemical tests of the drinking water were conducted after each exposure and during different times. Thermal analysis of bottled drinking water plastic that was exposed to solar and thermal stress was studied to indicate the type and level of chemical contamination of bottled drinking water with chemical compounds released as a result of thermal stress or solar stress. From the results of chemical tests to raise awareness of drinking water, it was found that some characteristics exceeded the permissible limits, such as total hardness, chloride, pH level, etc., and that they increased with increasing exposure to high temperature, depending on the type of stress. When exposure to high temperatures increased, the plastic cracked and transformed at a temperature of (55) Celsius and an exposure time of 12 hours. Through the results of the thermal analysis of plastic before and after exposure to thermal and olfactory stress, the significant effect of exposure became clear and the difference between thermal exposure and solar exposure was evident through the variation in readings of transition peaks and phase transition energy for thermal analysis by thermal scanning calorimetry.

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Methodologies to characterize, identify and quantify nano- and sub-micron sized plastics in relevant media for human exposure: a critical review

Abstract: Micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) in the environment are an emerging issue of global concern.

Cited by 12 publications

References 156 publications

Phytotoxic Effects of Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Microplastics on Allium cepa Roots

Phytotoxic Effects of Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate Microplastics on Allium cepa Roots

Sample transformation in online separations: how chemical conversion advances analytical technology

Detection of High Temperature Effect on Quality of Drinking Water Bottled with PET Plastic

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