Methods for Orthopedic Treatment of Patients With Declined Clinical Crowns of Supporting Teeth. Literature Review

Abstract

Abstract. The presence of a decayed tooth is a fairly common problem with which patients go to the dentist. The question of preserving such teeth remains controversial today, both in domestic and foreign specialized literature. Biomechanical complications in the restoration of destroyed teeth at the moment remain one of the most important problems of modern restoration and orthopedic dentistry. A number of authors regard the destruction of the tooth crown as a cause that eventually leads to a violation of the morpho functional unity of the dentition and the pathological state of the entire dental system. In addition, the reasons for the destruction of the clinical crown of teeth are presented, including: caries and its complications, non-carious processes. The strength of the tooth decreases in proportion to the loss of the crown part tissue due to diseases of the hard tissues of the tooth and restoration treatment. Special attention is paid to the condition of the dentin, which changes its structure due to the presence of cracks or physical changes, which is the result of excessive load on the hard tissues of the tooth. This article analyzes the literature sources of domestic and foreign origin, reflecting the methods of treatment of a destroyed clinical tooth crown. Since the final result of tooth restoration should be an aesthetic form and function, special attention should be paid to preserving the maximum volume of tooth tissues using minimally invasive organ-preserving techniques. It is established that the degree of destruction of the crowns of teeth determines the amount of intervention, the choice of design, restoration technology and structural material. Early diagnosis of the degree of destruction of the crowns of teeth and knowledge of the pathogenesis of possible complications after tooth extraction are of great importance, which determines the scope of intervention, the choice of design and restoration technology.