Methods in geochemistry and geophysics, 23: fossil fuel biomarkers, applications and spectra

Philp, R. P.; Murchison, Duncan G.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)82833-0

Cited by 25 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…7,9,46 Recently buried hopanes found in modern sediments (with no or a very low degree of maturation) generally have 17β(H),21β(H) stereochemistry and occur only in the R configuration at the C 22 position in extended-molecules, whereas ancient buried hopanes (higher degree of maturation, e.g., found in petroleum) are indentified by the 17α(H),21β(H) configuration (more thermodynamically stable) associated with the R and S epimers at the C 22 position, which do not occur in living organisms. 7,9,47 Environmental researchers have taken advantage of these very specific stereochemical changes using the hopanes series (27 to 35 carbon atoms) with the 17α(H),21β(H) configuration and epimers (R and S) as additional evidence of petrogenic pollution in the aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Pentacyclic Triterpanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Moreover, due to their chemical stability and easy detectability by GC-MS, these biomarkers have been extensively used as powerful tool in petroleum and correlated studies. [7][8][9] Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are also widely used in environmental research due to their persistence, ability to bioaccumulate and high toxicity (e.g., mutagenic and carcinogenic effects) to any organism. 10,11 Consequently, they have been included in the US EPA and the EU priority pollutants list.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12, 2010 or crude oil and its products). 7 Moreover, due to their chemical stability and easy detectability by GC-MS, these biomarkers have been extensively used as powerful tool in petroleum and correlated studies.7-9 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are also widely used in environmental research due to their persistence, ability to bioaccumulate and high toxicity (e.g., mutagenic and carcinogenic effects) to any organism.10,11 Consequently, they have been included in the US EPA and the EU priority pollutants list.AH and PAH enter estuarine waters via several pathways, notably from urban runoff (e.g., industrial and municipal wastes, and sewage sludge), atmospheric deposition (e.g., combustion of petroleum-related products, charcoal and wood), nonpoint source runoff from land and/ or autochthonous sources.11 Because of their hydrophobicity and low susceptibility to microbial degradation, they are readily adsorbed onto particulate matter and then buried in the bottom sediments. 5,6 Thus, the process of distinguishing their origin in sediment is not always straightforward and requires the use of several chemical tools, 8 which belong to the field of organic geochemistry.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Geochemical markers as a tool to assess sedimentary organic matter sources of the Laguna Estuarine System, south Brazil: aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Tarozo

Frena

Augusto

et al. 2010

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Amostras de sedimentos superficiais do Sistema Estuarino de Laguna foram analisadas objetivando a identificação das fontes de matéria orgânica. Razões entre n-alcanos selecionados, elevados teores de hidrocarbonetos alifáticos (HA) (média de 9.168 µg g -1 de carbono orgânico, CO) e policíclicos aromáticos (HPA) (média total de 426.593 ng g -1 CO), e a distribuição de hopanos com estereoquímica αβ detectados nas amostras da Lagoa de Santo Antônio foram evidências de que o aporte de hidrocarbonetos petrogênicos prevalece sobre os de fontes naturais. Nas demais amostras estudadas, a distribuição de HA (de 38 até 2.749 µg g -1 CO), a detecção de hopenos e hopanos-ββ sugerem hidrocarbonetos de fontes mistas. Todavia, o teor de HPA em todas as amostras (de 7.731 até 786.469 ng g -1 CO, sendo que os aromáticos alquilados representaram > 92% do total) revelou contaminação petrogênica crítica. As atividades pesqueira e urbana são fontes potenciais dos hidrocarbonetos petrogênicos detectados nas amostras sedimentares.Surface sediment samples from the Laguna Estuarine System were analyzed to identify organic matter sources. The ratios between selected n-alkanes, high concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons (AH) (average of 9,168 µg g -1 of organic carbon, OC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) (total average of 426,593 ng g -1 OC), and the hopanes distribution with αβ stereochemistry found in the Santo Antônio Lagoon samples were evidence that hydrocarbon inputs from petrogenic sources predominate over natural sources. In the other samples studied, the AH distribution (from 38 to 2,749 µg g -1 OC), and detection of hopenes and hopanes-ββ suggest mixed sources of hydrocarbons. Nevertheless, PAH concentrations in all samples (from 7,731 to 786,469 ng g -1 OC, whereof alkyl naphthalenes accounted for > 92% of the total) indicated critical petrogenic contamination. Fishing and urban activities are potential sources to the petrogenic hydrocarbons detected in these sediment samples. Keywords: hydrocarbons, hopanes, PAH, sediment, chromatography IntroductionEstuaries are important areas of world's coastal zones. In general, they are highly productive and provide spawning and nursery grounds for migratory species, besides playing a significant role in the global carbon cycle.1,2 Furthermore, an overwhelming majority of the human populations is concentrated along or near coasts, which inevitably leads to complex problems concerning environmental quality due to the residues generated by miscellaneous human activities.Along with various other organic and inorganic contaminants, the study of sedimentary aliphatic hydrocarbons (AH) (e.g., n-alkanes and hopanes) provides an important tool to assess organic matter sources and pollution levels in aquatic ecosystems. [3][4][5] This class of organic compounds has biogenic and anthropogenic sources. Natural inputs are comprised mostly of vascular plants, algae, microorganisms and early diagenesis of natural products, whereas petroleum and its derivatives are generally examples of hu...

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Section: Pentacyclic Triterpanesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical markers as a tool to assess sedimentary organic matter sources of the Laguna Estuarine System, south Brazil: aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Tarozo

Frena

Augusto

et al. 2010

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…[29][30][31] Foi realizada a determinação dos biomarcadores da fração dos hidrocarbonetos saturados extraídos dos petróleos com o intuito de avaliar o tipo do paleoambiente deposicional da rocha geradora e o grau de maturação termal das oito amostras de petróleo da Bacia de Potiguar.…”

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Geochemical Correlations Between Petroleum Samples From the Potiguar Basin and Definition of Their Possible Generating Rocks

et al. 2018

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publicado na web em 01/02/2018 GEOCHEMICAL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PETROLEUM SAMPLES FROM THE POTIGUAR BASIN AND DEFINITION OF THEIR POSSIBLE GENERATING ROCKS. Eight petroleum samples from Potiguar Basin were submitted for determination of saturated biomarkers by gas chromatography (fingerprint), liquid chromatography (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), nickel and vanadium by high resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS GF AAS). The geochemical parameters provided information on type of depositional paleoenvironment in which organic matter that gave rise to each oil sample and level of thermal maturation reached by generating rocks that make up the Potiguar Basin were deposited. The relationships between the stable isotopes of carbon (δ 13 C) and between Ni and V concentrations of each petroleum sample were also evaluated. The evaluations separated for oil samples into two distinct groups. Group 1 formed by samples P1, P2, P5 and P8, with characteristics of generating rock that was deposited in a marine hypersaline environment. Group 2 composed of samples P3, P4, P6 and P7 with freshwater lacustrine depositional paleoenvironment, which were elucidated through the geochemical parameters studied. The hierarchical cluster analysis was presented as promising chemometric tool for characterization of petroleum samples in the according to their origin of the generating rock by ratio parameters of hopane/sterane , tetracyclic polyiprenoids/diastereomers and diastereos R+S/cholestane R+S.Keywords: petroleum; biomarkers; nickel; vanadium; carbon isotopes. INTRODUÇÃOA Bacia Potiguar foi formada durante o rompimento do supercontinente Gondwana, que culminou com a separação das placas Sul-Americana e Africana. Ela apresenta diferentes tipos de rochas geradoras e, consequentemente, petróleos com diferentes características químicas decorrentes das condições físico-químicas dos paleoambientes deposicionais nos quais a matéria orgânica, que deu origem a esses petróleos, foi depositada, como por exemplo: ambientes lacustres, transicional e marinho. [1][2][3] O petróleo é uma mistura complexa de milhares de componentes. Dentre as espécies orgânicas que compõem os vários tipos de petróleos, encontram-se os compostos biomarcadores, isto é, aqueles provenientes dos seres vivos que deram origem ao petróleo. Estes compostos mantiveram seus esqueletos carbônicos praticamente inalterados durante as etapas de transformação da matéria orgânica (seres vivos) depositada na rocha geradora em petróleo, sua migração e acumulação em rochas reservatórios. 4 Os biomarcadores são usados para orientar a exploração para áreas mais favoráveis à existência de acumulações comerciais de óleo e gás. 5Desse modo, o estudo geoquímico molecular das frações do petróleo, baseado na determinação de biomarcadores e de outros hidrocarbonetos, auxilia na avaliação do tipo de sua rocha geradora e do seu paleoambiente deposicional, bem como na avaliação do nível de calo...

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The natural petroleum hydrocarbon background in subtidal sediments of prince william sound, Alaska, USA

Page

Boehm

Douglas

et al. 1996

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

137

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Abstract-A natural regional petroleum hydrocarbon background has been identified in the subtidal sediments of Prince William Sound that is readily distinguished from Exxon Valdez spill oil by chemical fingerprinting methods. This hydrocarbon background is derived from natural petroleum seeps in the eastern Gulf of Alaska. The Alaska Coastal Current carries fine-grained sediments and associated hydrocarbons from seep areas to the east into Prince William Sound, where they are deposited on the seafloor. The analysis of age-dated sediment cores indicates that this process has been going on for the past 160 years, and probably for many thousands of years. In addition, results of a stratified random study of nearshore subtidal sediments conducted in 1990 show that this is a general phenomenon throughout the sound and is significant even in shallow water (3 to 30 m). For example, oleanane, a saturate petroleum biomarker found in Prince William Sound prespill background petroleum and seep sources but not in Exxon Valdez petroleum, is present in subtidal sediment samples from locations throughout the sound. This supports the conclusion that seep areas to the east are major sediment sources for the sound. Moreover, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixing model calculations show that, although Exxon Valdez spill-oil residues are present in nearshore subtidal sediments, they generally form a small increment on the natural background. The recognition of preexisting natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbon sources in a spill area is a fundamentally important component of any natural resource damage assessment.

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Methods in geochemistry and geophysics, 23: fossil fuel biomarkers, applications and spectra

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Geochemical markers as a tool to assess sedimentary organic matter sources of the Laguna Estuarine System, south Brazil: aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Geochemical markers as a tool to assess sedimentary organic matter sources of the Laguna Estuarine System, south Brazil: aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Geochemical Correlations Between Petroleum Samples From the Potiguar Basin and Definition of Their Possible Generating Rocks

The natural petroleum hydrocarbon background in subtidal sediments of prince william sound, Alaska, USA

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