Methods of determining the adaptability and ecological stability of plants

Abstract

Resistance to stress factors is of great natural and ecological importance, since the ability of plants to adapt to the conditions of existence is one of the factors that determines the range of distribution of species and cultures. In this regard, there is a growing need for an accurate assessment of the adaptive potential of plants, which is impossible without studying the physiological bases of their resistance and developing agrotechnical, selection-genetic, and genetic engineering methods for increasing the resistance of cultivated plants to abiotic stresses using new fundamental knowledge about the mechanisms of resistance. Adaptability of each variety is reflected in numerous adaptive reactions, which collectively make up the adaptive potential of the genotype. Each adaptive reaction, in turn, reflects the reaction of the entire biological system to changes in the environment through the links of morphogenetic effects that complete the formation of a specific feature of the plant, and selection for survival is an adaptive process, a kind of compensation for such adaptation is a decrease in potential and actual seed productivity. This article presents the methods of determining environmental stability, plasticity, with the help of which it is possible to classify varieties according to the type of direction of cultivation: intensive, stable and plastic.

Ecological stability, plasticity, and adaptability of cowpea varieties (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.)

“…Stability is characterised by the ability of a genotype to maintain a specific phenotype under various growing conditions as a result of regulatory mechanisms. Plasticity (bi-regression coefficient for the environment) is the response of a genotype primarily to changes in environmental conditions, expressed in phenotypic variability (Tyshchenko et al, 2023).…”

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“…Stability is characterised by the ability of a genotype to maintain a specific phenotype under various growing conditions as a result of regulatory mechanisms. Plasticity (bi-regression coefficient for the environment) is the response of a genotype primarily to changes in environmental conditions, expressed in phenotypic variability (Tyshchenko et al, 2023).…”