Methods of Diagnosing the Insulation of Electric Machines Windings

Decner, A.; Barański, M.; Jarek, T.; Berhausen, Sebastian

doi:10.3390/en15228465

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The megohmmeter, the instrument used for the measurement, gives the insulation resistance as calculated from the sustained leakage current. Table 1 gives the IEEE 43 guideline standards for the application of IR tests with regard to voltage ratings [7]. The insulation integrity is classified in Table 2 with regard to the insulation resistance value.…”

Section: Insulation Resistance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring of Stator Winding Insulation Degradation through Estimation of Stator Winding Temperature and Leakage Current

Szamel,

Oloo

2024

Machines

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Switched Reluctance Motors (SRMs), Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), and induction motors may experience failures due to insulation-related breakdowns. The SRM rotor is of a non-salient nature and made of solid steel material. There are no windings on the rotor. However, the stator is composed of windings that are intricately insulated from each other using materials such as enamel wire, polymer films, mica tapes, epoxy resin, varnishes, or insulating tapes. The dielectric strength of the insulation may fail over time due to several environmental factors and processes. Dielectric breakdown of the winding insulation can be caused by rapid switching of the winding current, the presence of contaminants, and thermal aging. For reliable and efficient operation of the SRMs and other electrical machines, it is necessary to take into account the physics of the winding insulation and perform appropriate diagnostics and estimations that can monitor the integrity of the insulation. This article presents the estimation problem using a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-optimized Random Forest Regressor. Empirical properties and measurable quantities in the historical data are utilized to derive temperature and leakage current estimation. The developed model is then combined with a moving average function to increase the accuracy of prediction of the stator winding temperature and leakage current. The performance of the model is compared with that of the Feedforward Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory over the same winding temperature and leakage current historical data. The performance metrics are based on computation of the Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Error.

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Section: Insulation Resistance Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, water trappings under a layer of contaminants cause the insulation surface resistance to decrease. Therefore, Equation (7) shows that for an area S of a contaminant layer, then [21,22]:…”

Section: Prediction Of Stator Winding Leakage Currentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of Stator Winding Insulation Degradation through Estimation of Stator Winding Temperature and Leakage Current

Szamel,

Oloo

2024

Machines

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“…The armature winding includes single-layer winding, double-layer winding, and mixed winding. Depending on the winding shape and embedding method of the coil, it can be subdivided into two types: fractional slot concentrated winding and distributed winding [25,26]. Single-or double-layer winding is generally used in the generator; the single-layer winding method is simple and the utilization rate of slots is high, though the coil cannot easily achieve mutual inductance, whereas double-layer winding produces good electromotive force with a sine waveform and its pitch is easy to adjust.…”

Section: Design Of Wire Embedding Mode Of Armature Windingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Field Analysis and Development of Disk Axial–Radial Hybrid Excitation Generator for Range Extenders in Extended-Range Electric Vehicles

2024

WEVJ

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Extended-range electric vehicles have both a motor and an engine; the motor is used for driving, and the engine generates electricity via a range extender, which is connected to the motor. The permanent magnet generator is part of the range extender, and the output voltage is controlled by adjusting the engine’s speed; the generator’s rotating speed fluctuates, meaning that the engine’s fuel consumption increases. Meanwhile, considering the limited axial dimension of the range extender, an axial–radial disk hybrid generator that combines excitation is developed, making full use of the radial space; at the same time, the output voltage is adjusted without changing the engine’s speed. In this study, the generator’s magnetic field hybrid principle, the path of permanent magnetic circuit, and the electric excitation magnetic circuit under different loads were analyzed and verified via the finite element method. A comparative analysis method was also used, the technical index of the disk hybrid excitation generator was determined, and the main structural parameters were designed using theoretical calculations. The three-dimensional finite element model was established based on the results, and a finite element analysis was performed. An equivalent magnetic circuit model was established, and the formulas of synthetic permeability, leakage permeability, and effective permeability were determined. The finite element method (numerical method) and equivalent magnetic circuit method (analytical method) were used to calculate the synthetic magnetic fields of the air gap, rotor yoke, and rotor teeth under different excitation currents. A comparison between the two methods verified the design utility. The conclusions provide a valuable point of reference for the development of the disk hybrid excitation generator for use in range extenders in extended-range electric vehicles.

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“…The article [2] gives an overview of the existing methods of diagnosing the technical condition of insulation of electrical machines. These methods are organized according to the type of tests performed.…”

Section: Abstract: Diagnostics Mathematical Model Electrical Insulati...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Justification of choice of methods for diagnostics of insulation condition of electrical machines of electric railway stock

Dubravin,

Shostak,

Bakhonya

et al. 2024

TST

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The object of the study is the process of monitoring the technical condition of electrical insulation of traction electric machines in order to determine the need for their maintenance or repair. Diagnostics of electric machines is an important aspect of supporting the operation of electric drives. Failure of the windings is one of the main reasons for failure of electric motors. Therefore, the task of developing operational methods for diagnosing the insulation of windings of traction electric motors is urgent. A study of the negative impact of operating conditions on the technical condition of electrical insulation of motors was carried out. The analysis of the existing methods of diagnosis of insulation systems of electric machines was carried out. Special attention was paid to the selection of predictive parameters of the insulation state. A mathematical model was developed to study the frequency characteristics of the stator insulation system of the traction electric motor model AD914. Refined dependences of the effect of changes in the insulation parameters of the motor stator winding on its frequency characteristics were obtained. It was concluded that the method of monitoring the insulation state of electric motor windings based on the assessment of electrical resistance relative to the stator core and amplitude-frequency characteristics is the most effective. The field of practical application of the obtained results is the system for monitoring the condition of electrical insulation of traction electric machines to determine the schedule of their maintenance and repair. The conducted research is a scientific justification for the choice of methods and devices for diagnosing the insulation state of electric motors of railway traction rolling stock.

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Methods of Diagnosing the Insulation of Electric Machines Windings

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Monitoring of Stator Winding Insulation Degradation through Estimation of Stator Winding Temperature and Leakage Current

Monitoring of Stator Winding Insulation Degradation through Estimation of Stator Winding Temperature and Leakage Current

Magnetic Field Analysis and Development of Disk Axial–Radial Hybrid Excitation Generator for Range Extenders in Extended-Range Electric Vehicles

Justification of choice of methods for diagnostics of insulation condition of electrical machines of electric railway stock

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