Methods to Relieve Heat Stress for Dairy Cows in Hot, Humid Climates

Bucklin, R. A.; Turner, Loren; Beede, D.K.; Bray, D.R.; Hemken, R.W.

doi:10.13031/2013.26218

Cited by 94 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…Providing cows with supplemental shade and cooling to mitigate heat stress has been evaluated in economic terms using the increase in milk production data [2]. Adding sprinklers and fan cooling increased the feed intake (7.1 to 9.2%) and milk production (7.1 to 15.8%), and decreased rectal temperature (-0.4 to -0.5 C) and respiration rate (17.6 to 40.6 %) [56].…”

Section: Effect Of Evaporative Cooling System On Dry Matter Intake Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Suadsong¹

2012

Milk Production - An Up-to-Date Overview of Animal Nutrition, Management and Health

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Section: Effect Of Evaporative Cooling System On Dry Matter Intake Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Suadsong¹

2012

Milk Production - An Up-to-Date Overview of Animal Nutrition, Management and Health

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“…Dairy cows respond to heat stress in several ways: reduced feed intake and increased water intake, changed metabolic rate and maintenance requirements, increased evaporated water loss, increased respiration rate, changed blood hormone concentration, and increased body temperature Koubková et al, 2002). Higher producing and multiparous cows are especially susceptible to heat stress (Brouček et al 1990;Bucklin et al, 1991).…”

Section: Effects Of High Air Temperatures On Milk Efficiency In Dairymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mist or fog system sprays small water droplets into the air, cooling the air as the droplets evaporate. When the animal inhales the cooled air, it can exchange heat with the air and remove heat from its body (Bucklin et al, 1991). This type of system can be effective, but it is difficult to use under windy conditions or in combination with fans.…”

Section: Effects Of High Air Temperatures On Milk Efficiency In Dairymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cow is then cooled as water evaporates from the hair and skin (Lin et al, 1998;Doležal et al, 2004). This allows the cow to lose heat more effectively through its skin than it is possible by sweating alone (Bucklin et al, 1991). Sprinkling is most effective when combined with forced air movement.…”

Section: Effects Of High Air Temperatures On Milk Efficiency In Dairymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high air temperatures on milk efficiency in dairy cows

Brouček¹,

Mihina²,

Ryba³

et al. 2006

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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The average temperature of the Earth surface keeps increasing and the hot summer 2003 may have a bearing on global warming. The majority of farmers were not ready to cope with such situation, so it could bring about significant economic losses. The number of days with extremely high temperatures which substantially influence the performance of animals is increasing, and this tendency will continue according to predictions. The above assumption will influence the management of dairy husbandry. We will have to consider housing and technological systems that will reduce this negative effect of climatic extremes when designing an optimum farm environment.It is apparent that performance, welfare and health of the animal are influenced by biometeorological factors. The most important climatological factors are high temperatures and relative humidity during the hot season and the wind-chilling factor during the cold season of the year (Gregoriadesová and Doležal, 2000). In the majority of barns for cows and heifers, the limits of air relative humidity were exceeded (Šoch et al., 2000).Summer climates cause the stress of dairy cows resulting in milk production depression. Heat stress occurs when the ambient temperature is higher than that of the animal's thermal neutral zone. The heat load is greater than their ability to lose heat (Šoch et al., 1997;Dolejš et al., 2000a). The potential for heat stress exists when the air temperature rises above the comfort zone, particularly if humidity is also high. When the tem- Effects of high air temperatures on milk efficiency in dairy cowsJ. BROUČEK, Š. MIHINA, Š. RYBA, P. TONGEĽ, P. KIŠAC, M. UHRINČAŤ, A. HANUS Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic ABSTRACT: 26 herds with 71 586 individual records were used. We tested a hypothesis that milk efficiency was influenced by the elevation of the farm, housing system, breed, area of altitude, and by the cooling of dairy cows. There were 20 herds from lowlands and 6 herds from mountains, 20 herds from free-stall housing, 6 herds from tie-stall housing. 8 herds consisted of Slovakian Pied cattle, 4 herds of Red Holstein cattle, 11 herds of Black-Pied Lowland cattle and 3 herds of Slovakian Pinzgau cattle. The herds were divided into 4 groups according to the nearest meteorological station, and they were distributed according to the type of cooling. 10 herds were cooled by misting, 16 herds by fans. We recorded from 96 to 117 summer days and from 49 to 63 tropical days in lowlands for this summer period. Ninety days with temperature-humidity index (THI) above 72.0 were found in the lowest-elevation area. During 55 days we recorded the values higher than 78.0. Production of milk was higher in lowlands than in mountains (8 761.4 kg vs. 6 372.0 kg; P < 0.01). Differences were also recorded in the evaluation of fat and protein production (346.0 kg vs. 275.9 kg; P < 0.01; 282.6 kg vs. 205.9 kg; P < 0.001). Milk and protein production was higher in free-stall housing than in tie-stall housing (8 656.3 kg vs. 6 722.1 kg...

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“…Por isso diversas modificações ambientais podem ser introduzidas, visando diminuir a temperatura sobre os animais e, conseqüentemente, atenuar o estresse por calor, auxiliando, assim, no conforto de vacas leiteiras confinadas. Vários métodos têm sido empregados, tais como: sombreamento natural ou artificial, ventilação, resfriamento do ar a partir da aplicação de gotículas de água, pulverização de água sobre os animais acompanhada de ventilação e condicionamento do ar (Bucklin et al, 1990;Armstrong et al, 1993;Armstrong, 1994;Frazzi et al, 1996). Armstrong et al (1993) mostram que a sombra para vacas leiteiras é considerada essencial para minimizar a perda na produção de leite e na eficiência reprodutiva.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeitos da sombra e da aspersão de água na produção de leite de vacas da raça Holandesa durante o verão

Barbosa¹,

Boza²,

Santos³

et al. 2004

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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RESUMO. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar os efeitos da sombra natural e artificial e da aspersão de água nas respostas fisiológicas (temperatura retal e frequência respiratória) e produtivas (gordura, proteína e células somáticas) de 20 vacas leiteiras da raça Holandesa, durante o verão. As vacas foram divididas em dois grupos e submetidas a dois ambientes (sol e sombra) com e sem aspersão de água antes e depois da ordenha. A velocidade do vento, temperatura e umidade relativa, temperatura do globo-negro e produção de leite foram registradas diariamente. A temperatura retal e a freqüência respiratória foram medidas duas vezes por semana de manhã e à tarde; o leite, analisado quinzenalmente. A freqüência respiratória, a produção de leite e a contagem de células somáticas foram influenciadas (p<0,01) pelos fatores meteorológicos considerados. A temperatura retal não sofreu influência dos tratamentos. O fornecimento de sombra e a aspersão de água mostraram ser benéficas às vacas.Palavras-chave: conforto térmico, freqüência respiratória, gado leiteiro, temperatura retal.ABSTRACT. Effects of shade and water spray on physiological and production responses of dairy cows in tropical climate. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect s of natural and artificial shade and sprinkling water on the physiologic responses (rectal temperature and respiration rate), and productive (fat, protein and somatic cells) of 20 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, during the summer. The cows were divided in two groups and submitted for two environment (sun and shade) with and without water sprinkling before and after milking. Wind speed, temperature and relative humidity, black globe temperature and milk yield were recorded daily. Rectal temperature and respiration rate were measured twice weekly on the morning and evening; milk analyzed fortnightly. Respiration rate, milk yield and somatic cell number were affected (P<0,01) for considered meteorological factors. Rectal temperature did not affect by treatments shade supply and water sprinkling showed to be profitable to the cows.Key words: milk cows, rectal temperature, respiration rate, thermal comfort. IntroduçãoEm muitos países em desenvolvimento, cada vez mais vem-se adotando os sistemas intensivos de produção animal. E essa produção é avaliada com certa precisão, através de medidas de variáveis apropriadas, tais como ganho de peso, eficiência alimentar e quantidade de leite. A literatura é vasta nas verificações dos fatores ambientais que impõem, coletiva ou separadamente, um certo grau de desgaste nos animais, mensurável pelos resultados das disfunções verificadas na homeotermia.Segundo Nããs (1989), pesquisas demonstram que a eficiência do desempenho animal é resultado do funcionamento do seu sistema homeotérmico, e disfunções desse sistema provocam alterações significativas na eficácia da produção.As diferenças climáticas existentes entre o país de origem e o nosso país impedem esses animais de expressarem seu potencial genético para produção leiteira, em função do ...

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Methods to Relieve Heat Stress for Dairy Cows in Hot, Humid Climates

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Effects of high air temperatures on milk efficiency in dairy cows

Efeitos da sombra e da aspersão de água na produção de leite de vacas da raça Holandesa durante o verão

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