Methyl<i>Tert</i>-Butyl Ether

Peters, Udo; Nierlich, F.; Schulte‐Körne, Ekkehard; Sakuth, Michael; Deeb, Rula A.; Laugier, Maryline; Suominen, Martti; Kavanaugh, Michael C.

doi:10.1002/14356007.a16_543

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…MTBE is produced from methanol (MeOH) and isobutene (iC 4 ) in an equilibrium-limited, liquid-phase reaction 48,49 catalyzed heterogeneously by bentonites, zeolites, or strong acidic macroporous ion-exchange resins or homogeneously by sulfuric acid according to the following stoichiometry, FCC is a commonly used feedstock for the MTBE production. 49 This feedstock stream contains a complete range of butanes and butenes. For the sake of simplicity and provided that the reaction is highly selective for iC 4 , all the organic components in the iC 4 stream are lumped together as inert nC 4 .…”

Section: Applications (1) Steady-state Entropy Production Profile In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The esterification of isobutene and methanol is used as a case study in this application. MTBE is produced from methanol (MeOH) and isobutene ( i C 4 ) in an equilibrium-limited, liquid-phase reaction , catalyzed heterogeneously by bentonites, zeolites, or strong acidic macroporous ion-exchange resins or homogeneously by sulfuric acid according to the following stoichiometry, FCC is a commonly used feedstock for the MTBE production …”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process Design Approach for Reactive Distillation Based on Economics, Exergy, and Responsiveness Optimization

Almeida-Rivera

Grievink

2007

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The interactions between economic performance, thermodynamic efficiency, and responsiveness in reactive distillation process design are explored in this contribution. This motivation is derived from taking a sustainable life span perspective, where economics and avoidance of potential losses of resources (i.e., mass, energy, and exergy) in process operation over the process life span are taken into consideration. The approach to reactive distillation column design involves defining a generic lumped reactive distillation volume element and the development of rigorous dynamic models for the behavior of the element. As an extension of conventional existing models, this model, which is used as a standard building block, includes entropy and exergy computations. Three objective functions are formulated, which account for the process performance regarding economy, exergy loss, and responsiveness. A fundamental understanding of the strengths and shortcomings of this approach is developed by addressing various case studies: (i) steady-state simulation of a classical MTBE design based on economics only, useful as a reference case; the multiobjective optimization of a MTBE reactive distillation column with respect to (ii) economics and thermodynamic efficiency; and (iii) economics, thermodynamic efficiency, and responsiveness. Structural differences and dynamic responses are identified between the optimized and classical designs to stress the importance of considering exergy and responsiveness criteria. Thus, the classical (economics-driven) design is compared to a green (economicsand exergy-driven bioptimized) design. The green design produces less entropy than the classical one, while being marginally less attractive from an economic standpoint. The bioptimized design has an improved closedloop performance compared to the classical design, keeping the same control structure and settings. It is concluded that incorporating both economic-and exergy-related objectives in the unit design results in a process with better closed-loop performance and reduced exergy loss.

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Section: Applications (1) Steady-state Entropy Production Profile In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Design Approach for Reactive Distillation Based on Economics, Exergy, and Responsiveness Optimization

Almeida-Rivera

Grievink

2007

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Reactor−reactive distillation flowsheets are a typical implementation of reactive distillation in industry. , The advantages of reactive distillation, e.g., increasing conversion, etc., are exploited while the difficulties mentioned earlier of providing the necessary amount of catalyst inside the column are avoided.…”

Section: Conceptual Design Of Finishing Reactive Distillation Columnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A flowsheet configuration to overcome the mentioned practical problems for reactive distillation columns is the combination of reactive distillation with a pre-reactor. In industry, often, a substantial part of the conversion is carried out in reactors upstream of the reactive distillation column [21][22][23][24][25] thus reducing the amount of catalyst volume in the column. Furthermore, the reactor acts as a guard bed against catalyst poisoning for the following reactive distillation column and thus increases the operating time of the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Design of Equilibrium Reactor−Reactive Distillation Flowsheets

Daniel

Jobson

2006

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Economic and environmental reasons have led to process intensifications in the process industries. Reactive distillation is the most prominent example. However, often it is a challenge to satisfy the requirement for sufficient catalyst volume for the reaction while providing the interfacial area needed for mass transfer. The combination of a reactive distillation column with a pre-reactor is a valuable alternative. This paper presents an approach to identify promising designs for such flowsheets and the optimum distribution of the reaction extent between the pre-reactor and the reactive distillation column. The methodology uses a boundary value method for the design of the column; chemical equilibrium is assumed. The column usually consists of a reactive “core”, two rectifying sections, and one stripping section. The methodology will be demonstrated for the production of ethyl-tert-butyl-ether (ETBE).

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Advances in Low-Temperature Thermal Remediation

Munholland,

Rosso,

Randhawa

et al. 2023

Environmental Contamination Remediation and Management

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Remediation through traditional high-temperature thermal techniques (over 100 °C) are designed to remove contaminants like petroleum hydrocarbons via enhanced mobilization and volatilization. However, remedies of this nature can require significant infrastructure, capital, operational and maintenance costs, along with high energy demands and carbon footprints. Conversely, low-temperature thermal approaches (in the mesophilic range of ~15–40 °C) are an inexpensive and more sustainable method that can enhance the physical, biological, and chemical processes to remove contaminants. Heat transfer properties of subsurface sediments and other geological materials do not vary considerably and are relatively independent of grain size, unlike hydraulic properties that can vary several orders of magnitude within a site and often limit the pace of remediation of many in-situ technologies. Therefore, low-temperature thermal remediation is a promising alternative that can remediate contaminant mass present in both high- and low-permeability settings, including fractured rock. Emergence of risk-based non-aqueous phase liquid management approaches and sustainable best management practices further offer a platform for low-temperature thermal remedies to advance petroleum hydrocarbon remediation with lower capital and operational costs. Case studies demonstrating this approach along with preliminary sustainability comparisons of the associated reduced energy use and carbon footprint are described in this chapter.

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MethylTert-Butyl Ether

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Process Design Approach for Reactive Distillation Based on Economics, Exergy, and Responsiveness Optimization

Process Design Approach for Reactive Distillation Based on Economics, Exergy, and Responsiveness Optimization

Conceptual Design of Equilibrium Reactor−Reactive Distillation Flowsheets

Advances in Low-Temperature Thermal Remediation

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