Micro RNAs Promoting Growth and Metastasis in Preclinical In Vivo Models of Subcutaneous Melanoma

Abstract

During the last years a considerable therapeutic progress in melanoma patients with the RAF V600E mutation via RAF/MEK pathway inhibition and immunotherapeutic modalities has been witnessed. However, the majority of patients relapse after therapy. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the pathways driving oncogenicity and metastasis of melanoma is of paramount importance. In this review, we summarize microRNAs modulating tumor growth, metastasis, or both, in preclinical melanoma-related in vivo models and possible clinical impact in melanoma patients as modalities and targets for treatment of melanoma. We have identified miR-199a (ApoE, DNAJ4), miR-7-5p (RelA), miR-98a (IL6), miR-219-5p (BCL2) and miR-365 (NRP1) as possible targets to be scrutinized in further target validation studies.

Metformin inhibits melanoma cell metastasis by suppressing the miR-5100/SPINK5/STAT3 axis

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate target genes by recognizing a complementary mRNA sequence and subsequently repressing its translation [ 8 ]. A growing number of studies have uncovered the key regulatory role of miRNAs in cancer metastasis [ 9 – 11 ]. On the basis of miRNA assay, we found that miR-5100 expression is increased in melanoma.…”

Preclinical Study of Immunological Isoxazole Derivatives as a Potential Support for Melanoma Chemotherapy

“…Melanoma preferentially metastasizes through the lymphatic pathway, but can spread through the bloodstream in some cases. The main organs where melanoma metastases can develop are the lungs, brain, liver, and bones [5].…”