Microalgae-based carbohydrates: A green innovative source of bioenergy

Silvello, Maria Augusta de Carvalho; Gonçalves, Ígor Severo; Azambuja, Suéllen Patrícia Held; Costa, Sharlene Silva; Silva, Pedro Garcia Pereira; Santos, Lucielen Oliveira; Goldbeck, Rosana

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126304

Cited by 100 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…The carbohydrate content of the isolated microalgae was estimated to analyze its potential to be used as a source for biofuel and bioenergy production. Microalgal polysaccharides are regarded as energy-rich compounds which can be converted to value-added products [31]. It can be utilized to produce a number of intriguing chemicals, including bioethanol, biobutanol, biomethane, and biohydrogen.…”

Section: Carbohydrate Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acid, Biodiesel Property and Anticancer Activity Analysis of Monoraphidium griffithii

Vinitha

Meignanalakshmi²,

Tirumurugaan³

et al. 2022

CJAST

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Aim: The aim of the study was to isolate and characterize freshwater microalgae from Puzhal lake, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, and to analyze its biochemical composition, poly-unsaturated fatty acid content, anticancer activity, cytotoxicity, and biodiesel properties. Methodology: Pure isolate obtained from freshwater was characterised biochemically and identified by ITS-2 RNA sequence as Monoraphidium griffithii. The microalgal culture was maintained under white light illumination for a photoperiod of 16:8 light/dark hours respectively. The saturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acid profiling was performed in a Gas Chromatography-Flame ionization detector and the biodiesel properties were analyzed through BiodieselAnalyzer© Ver. 2.2 software. The anti-cancer and cytotoxicity studies were performed using the human lung cancer cell line (A549) and Vero cell line at 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µg biomass/ml concentration. Results: The biochemical composition was determined to be 32.97%±1.648 protein, 15.36%±2.857 carbohydrate, 15.89%±1.407 lipid, 26.27±1.48 µg/mg chlorophyll a+b and 8.03±1.92 µg/mg carotenoid. The fatty acid profiling revealed the presence of 19 different fatty acids of which Palmitic acid was 18.08%, cis-10 heptadecanoic acid was 17.37%, alpha-linolenic acid was 2.05%, and docosahexaenoic acid was 1.27%. The biodiesel properties were within the American standard for testing materials (ASTM) limits. 46.5% cell viability was attained at a microalgal concentration of 80 µg/ml against the human lung cancer cell line (A549) and the cell viability was 77.87% even at the high concentration of 100 µg/ml against the Vero cell line. Conclusion: The isolated microalgae Monoraphidium griffithii can be used for the production of biodiesel. The presence of alpha-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acid and anticancer activity makes them a source for human and animal nutrition.

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Section: Carbohydrate Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acid, Biodiesel Property and Anticancer Activity Analysis of Monoraphidium griffithii

Vinitha

Meignanalakshmi²,

Tirumurugaan³

et al. 2022

CJAST

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“…The above-mentioned results indicate that the flux of carbon sources might primarily turn to lipids and carbohydrate generation in the late growth stage of C. reinhardtii under the combination of decreasing nitrogen and increasing carbon levels ( Sajjadi et al, 2018 ; Sulochana and Arumugam, 2020 ). Both sugars and proteins are high value-added active components in microalgae industrial production, which have been comprehensively utilized in food, nutraceuticals, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals, and so on ( Levasseur et al, 2020 ; de Carvalho Silvello et al, 2022 ). It is well-known that the co-production of multiple active compounds is an effective strategy for decreasing the microalgae production cost and increasing the economic viability of microalgae-derived products ( Rajesh Banu et al, 2020 ; Sarkar et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing culture medium nitrogen supply coupled with replenishing carbon nutrient simultaneously enhances the biomass and lipid production of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Zheng¹,

Zou²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model strain to explore algal lipid metabolism mechanism, and exhibits great potentials in large-scale production of lipids. Completely lacking nitrogen is an efficient strategy to trigger the lipid synthesis in microalgal cells, while it always leads to the obvious reduction in the biomass. To illustrate the optimal culture substrate carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) levels to simultaneously stimulate the growth and lipid production of C. reinhardtii, cells were cultivated under altered C and N concentrations. Results showed that replenishing 6 g/L sodium acetate (NaAc) could increase 1.50 and 1.53 times biomass and lipid productivity compared with 0 g/L NaAc treatment (the control), but total lipid content slightly decreased. Reducing 75% of basic medium (TAP) N level (0 g/L NaAc + 0.09 g/L NH4Cl treatment) could promote 21.57% total lipid content in comparison with the control (containing 0.38 g/L NH4Cl), but decrease 44.45% biomass and 34.15% lipid productivity. The result of the central composite design (CCD) experiment suggested the optimum total lipid content together with higher biomass and lipid productivity could be obtained under the condition of 4.12 g/L NaAc and 0.20 g/L NH4Cl. They reached 32.14%, 1.68 g/L and 108.21 mg/L/d, and increased by 36.77%, 93.10% and 1.75 times compared with the control, respectively. It suggests moderately increasing C supply and decreasing N levels could synchronously improve the biomass and lipid content of C. reinhardtii.

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“…Lack of nutrients can cause physiological and morphological changes in cells, resulting in changes in growth rate and biomass yield (Chhandama et al 2021). Protein photosynthetic metabolism is shifted towards carbohydrates, and fat increases when nitrogen levels are low (De Carvalho Silvello et al 2021).…”

Section: Stress Assessment On Microalgae Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal biomass valorization for biofuel production and carbon sequestration: a review

et al. 2022

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The world is experiencing an energy crisis and environmental issues due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the continuous increase in carbon dioxide concentrations. Microalgal biofuels are produced using sunlight, water, and simple salt minerals. Their high growth rate, photosynthesis, and carbon dioxide sequestration capacity make them one of the most important biorefinery platforms. Furthermore, microalgae's ability to alter their metabolism in response to environmental stresses to produce relatively high levels of high-value compounds makes them a promising alternative to fossil fuels. As a result, microalgae can significantly contribute to long-term solutions to critical global issues such as the energy crisis and climate change. The environmental benefits of algal biofuel have been demonstrated by significant reductions in carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and sulfur oxide emissions. Microalgae-derived biomass has the potential to generate a wide range of commercially important high-value compounds, novel materials, and feedstock for a variety of industries, including cosmetics, food, and feed. This review evaluates the potential of using microalgal biomass to produce a variety of bioenergy carriers, including biodiesel from stored lipids, alcohols from reserved carbohydrate fermentation, and hydrogen, syngas, methane, biochar and bio-oils via anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, and gasification. Furthermore, the potential use of microalgal biomass in carbon sequestration routes as an atmospheric carbon removal approach is being evaluated. The cost of algal biofuel production is primarily determined by culturing (77%), harvesting (12%), and lipid extraction (7.9%). As a result, the choice of microalgal species and cultivation mode (autotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic) are important factors in controlling biomass and bioenergy production, as well as fuel properties. The simultaneous production of microalgal biomass in agricultural, municipal, or industrial wastewater is a low-cost option that could significantly reduce economic and environmental costs while also providing a valuable remediation service. Microalgae have also been proposed as a viable candidate for carbon dioxide capture from the atmosphere or an industrial point source. Microalgae can sequester 1.3 kg of carbon dioxide to produce 1 kg of biomass. Using potent microalgal strains in efficient design bioreactors for carbon dioxide sequestration is thus a challenge. Microalgae can theoretically use up to 9% of light energy to capture and convert 513 tons of carbon dioxide into 280 tons of dry biomass per hectare per year in open and closed cultures. Using an integrated microalgal bio-refinery to recover high-value-added products could reduce waste and create efficient biomass processing into bioenergy. To design an efficient atmospheric carbon removal system, algal biomass cultivation should be coupled with thermochemical technologies, such as pyrolysis.

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Microalgae-based carbohydrates: A green innovative source of bioenergy

Cited by 100 publications

References 124 publications

Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acid, Biodiesel Property and Anticancer Activity Analysis of Monoraphidium griffithii

Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acid, Biodiesel Property and Anticancer Activity Analysis of Monoraphidium griffithii

Reducing culture medium nitrogen supply coupled with replenishing carbon nutrient simultaneously enhances the biomass and lipid production of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Algal biomass valorization for biofuel production and carbon sequestration: a review

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