Microarchitecture of the Augmented Bone Following Sinus Elevation with an Albumin Impregnated Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (BoneAlbumin) versus Anorganic Bovine Bone Mineral: A Randomized Prospective Clinical, Histomorphometric, and Micro-Computed Tomography Study

Abstract

Serum albumin has been identified as an endogenous protein that is integral to early bone regeneration. We hypothesized that albumin addition to allografts may result in better bone remodeling than what can be achieved with anorganic xenografts. Sinus elevations were performed at 32 sites of 18 patients with the lateral window technique. Sites either received filling with an anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM, BioOss, Geistlich, CH) or albumin impregnated allograft (BoneAlbumin, OrthoSera, AT). After 6-months patients received dental implants and 16 bone core biopsy samples were obtained from the ABBM filled, and 16 from the BoneAlbumin augmented sites. The biopsies were examined by histomorphometry and µCT. Percentage of the residual graft in the BoneAlbumin group was 0–12.7%, median 5.4% vs. ABBM 6.3–35.9%, median 16.9%, p < 0.05. Results of the µCT analysis showed that the microarchitecture of the augmented bone in the BoneAlbumin group resembles that of the native maxilla in morphometric parameters Trabecular Pattern Factor and Connectivity. Our data show that while ABBM successfully integrates into the newly formed bone tissue as persisting particles, BoneAlbumin is underway towards complete remodeling with new bone closely resembling that of the intact maxilla.

Maxillary Ridge Vertical Augmentation Based on a Mixture of Xenogenic and Allogenic Bone Supported by Resorbable Membrane: One Case Report

“…Since the sample studied was taken from the graft and not native bone, these results clearly suggest bone neofromation in the grafted material, and presumably the ingrowth of osteoprogenitor cells come from the periostium and the residual bone to the graft. On the other hand, the results from the quantitative study are in good agreement with previous reports [16,17] but the heterogeity of the methods used difficult to compare the results.…”

Morphometric evaluation of bone regeneration in segmental mandibular bone defects filled with bovine bone xenografts in a split-mouth rabbit model

“…Bone microarchitecture is an important component for bone quality and may influence implant stability and rehabilitation success [24]. In accordance with our results, the microarchitecture of DBBM augmented bone has been documented as consisting of residual bone graft particles in close contact with newly formed bone leading to a dense structure [27]. These residual particles may remain unresorbed for long periods, leading to high stability in the maintaining of bone volume [27, 28].…”

Comparison between Micro-Computed Tomography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in the Assessment of Bone Quality and a Long-Term Volumetric Study of the Augmented Sinus Grafted with an Albumin Impregnated Allograft

“…The study was approved by the Regional and Institutional Committee of Science and Research Ethics (52158-2/2015/EKU (0425/15)) and The Office of the Chief Medical Officer of The National Public Health and Medical Officer Service (IF-14561-10/2015). The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration [40].…”

“…After final drilling, implants of at least 4 mm in diameter were placed nonsubmerged. The bone core biopsy samples were placed in 4% formaldehyde solution in 0.1 M phosphate buffer saline (PBS), pH 7.3, stored at 4 • C. Final prosthetic restorations were fixed after 3 months [40].…”

“…On the reconstructed images of the biopsy samples, the augmented area was selected as ROI for quantitative analysis [40,42].…”