Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Alterations

Niller, Hans Helmut; Bánáti, Ferenc; Ay, Eva; Minárovits, János

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3345-3_14

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 197 publications

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“…A spectrum of bacteria as diverse as Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Clostridium perfringens, Aeromonas hydrophila, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Shigella flexneri, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Campylobacter rectus, uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Helicobacter pylori have been demonstrated to interfere with the epigenetic machinery of the host cell. This was comprehensively reviewed in 2012 [8,45,46]. Therefore, here we will focus on a few examples of above list as well as some pathogenic bacterial species that have recently been added to this ever growing list: Mycobacterium leprae, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Burkholderia thailandensis [47].…”

Section: Epigenetic Alterations Induced By Bacteria In Host Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has also been recognized that microbial pathogens could dysregulate epigenetic mechanisms in host cells (reviewed in [8,40,43]). As far as we know, HIV, the causative agent of AIDS, was the first human pathogen associated with the induction of pathoepigenetic alterations in host cells [44].…”

Section: Microbe-induced Pathoepigenetic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chronic inflammation process is accompanied by alterations of the histone code and by extensive alterations of DNA methylation. Global hypomethylation and local hypermethylation at CpG islands of tumor suppressor gene loci is strongly associated with the presence of H. pylori in chronic gastritis and with progression to cancer (reviewed in [8,46,70]). Recently, the promoter of the forkhead box gene, FOXD3, was found to be increasingly methylated and thereby silenced during the progression of H. pylori-associated gastric tumors in both humans and mice.…”

Section: Epigenetic Alterations Induced By Bacteria In Host Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epigenetic modifications are also widespread in unicellular eukaryotes, and it has been well documented that protozoan pathogens control the expression of virulence genes and differentiation-related gene sets by epigenetic regulators [1,[5][6][7][8]. Acquisition of novel genes coding for histone methyltransferase enzymes capable of depositing epigenetic marks on chromatin may facilitate evolutionary transitions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Changes: Bacterial Effectors and Viral Oncoproteins as Epigenetic Dysregulators

Niller

Bánáti²,

Nagy

et al. 2013

Future Virol.

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Pathoepigenetics is a new discipline describing how disturbances in epigenetic regulation alter the epigenotype and gene-expression pattern of human, animal or plant cells. Such ‘epigenetic reprogramming’ may play an important role in the initiation and progression of a wide variety of diseases. Infectious diseases also belong to this category: recent data demonstrated that microbial pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, are capable of dysregulating the epigenetic machinery of their host cell. The resulting heritable changes in host cell gene expression may favor the colonization, growth or spread of infectious pathogens. It may also facilitate the establishment of latency and malignant cell transformation. In this article, we review how bacterial epigenetic effectors and inflammatory processes elicited by bacteria alter the host cell epigenotype, and describe how oncoproteins encoded by human tumor viruses act as epigenetic dysregulators to alter the phenotype and behavior of host cells.

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Section: Epigenetic Alterations Induced By Bacteria In Host Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Microbe-induced Pathoepigenetic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epigenetic Alterations Induced By Bacteria In Host Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Update on Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Changes: Bacterial Effectors and Viral Oncoproteins as Epigenetic Dysregulators

Niller

Bánáti²,

Nagy

et al. 2013

Future Virol.

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show abstract

“…Recently, it has been recognized that microbial pathogens could also dysregulate epigenetic mechanisms in their host cells (reviewed in Minarovits [14] and Niller et al [29,30]). The first human pathogen associated with the induction of patho-epigenetic alterations in host cells was, as far as we know, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS [31].…”

Section: Patho-epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patho-Epigenetics

Minárovits

Niller

2013

Med Epigenet

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Patho-epigenetics is a new discipline dealing with the description of pathologic changes elicited by epigenetic dysregulation. Patho-epigenetic processes contribute to the development of both rare syndromes and diseases of high prevalence in human populations. In this short review, we summarize the basic epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in a nutshell and briefly outline how epigenetic reprogramming contributes to all forms of tumorigenesis and plays a role both in the initiation and progression of neoplasms.

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Epigenetic Regulation

Minárovits¹,

Bánáti²,

Szenthe³

et al. 2015

Patho-Epigenetics of Infectious Disease

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Some of the key epigenetic regulatory mechanisms appeared early during evolution, and the acquisition of novel epigenetic regulators apparently facilitated certain evolutionary transitions. In this short review we focus mainly on the major epigenetic mechanisms that control chromatin structure and accessibility in mammalian cells. The enzymes methylating CpG dinucleotides and those involved in the active demethylation of 5-metylcytosine (5mC) are outlined together with the members of the methyl binding protein (MBP) family that bind to and "interpret" the 5mC mark. The enzymes involved in reversible, covalent modifications of core histone proteins that affect chromatin structure are also described briefly. Proteins that build up Polycomb group (PcG) and Trithorax group (TrxG) protein complexes may also modify histones. By establishing heritable chromatin states, PcG and TrxG complexes contribute - similarly to cytosine methylation - to the transmission of cell type-specific gene expression patterns from cell generation to cell generation. Novel players involved in epigenetic regulation, including variant histones, pioneer transcription factors, long noncoding RNA molecules and the regulators of long-distance chromatin interactions are introduced as well, followed by the characterization of various chromatin types.

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Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Alterations

Cited by 9 publications

References 197 publications

Update on Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Changes: Bacterial Effectors and Viral Oncoproteins as Epigenetic Dysregulators

Update on Microbe-Induced Epigenetic Changes: Bacterial Effectors and Viral Oncoproteins as Epigenetic Dysregulators

Patho-Epigenetics

Epigenetic Regulation

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