Microbial Consortia Are Needed to Degrade Soil Pollutants

Zhang, Ting; Zhang, Houjin

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10020261

Cited by 64 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Human beings have realized that environmental investments are needed to maintain better world conditions for future generations [ 30 ]. Soil pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems globally due to the weak self-purification ability, long degradation time, and high cost of cleaning soil pollution [ 31 ]. PAHs are widespread in the environment and pose a serious threat to the soil ecosystem [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Crops on the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Fertilized with Manure and Mineral Fertilizers

Mackiewicz-Walec

Krzebietke

Sienkiewicz

2022

IJERPH

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mainly accumulated in soil. Plants secrete enzymes that transform or biodegrade PAHs in soil. Some plant species are more effective in stimulating the biodegradation of these pollutants than other species. This study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of crop rotation on PAH concentrations in soil. Four crops were grown in rotation: sugar beets, spring barley, maize, and spring wheat. Soil samples for the study were obtained from a long-term field experiment established in 1986 in Bałcyny, Poland. The concentrations of PAHs were analyzed in soil samples gathered over a period of 12 years (1998–2009). An attempt was made to evaluate the effect of crop rotation (sugar beets, spring barley, maize, and spring wheat) on PAH concentrations in soil. The content of PAHs in soil samples was measured by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Data were processed statistically by repeated measures ANOVA. The concentrations of ∑16 PAHs were lowest in soil after sugar beet cultivation, and highest in soil after maize cultivation. It can be concluded that maize was the plant with the greatest adverse effect on the content of heavy PAH in the soil, a completely different effect can be attributed to spring wheat, which has always been shown to reduce the content of heavy PAH in the soil. Weather conditions affected PAHs levels in soil, and PAH content was highest in soil samples collected in a year with the driest growing season. This arrangement suggests a greater influence of weather conditions than of the cultivated plant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Crops on the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Fertilized with Manure and Mineral Fertilizers

Mackiewicz-Walec

Krzebietke

Sienkiewicz

2022

IJERPH

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“…studies suggested that biodegradation has become a priority for scientific research as it aims to safely and quickly remove for these contaminants from soils [6] and confirmed that the final success of biodegradation depends on the nature of microorganisms which are in direct contact with the biodegradable substance, and that the bio-treatment of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons from crude oil linked to the ability of organisms to consume hydrocarbons [7].…”

Section: Numerousmentioning

confidence: 96%

Molecular Analysis of phe Operon Genes determining Phenol-Degrading Pseudomonas sp. from Polluted Sites in Baghdad City

Tawfeeq¹,

Al-Jubori²,

Mussa

2022

PPASB

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: Phenolic compounds are toxic to plants, animals and even for microorganisms at low concentrations. Because of this toxicity, it is important that soils polluted with these compounds to be remediated immediately. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida, as well as their both intra- and extradiol enzymes, were the targets of this study, which aimed to detect the enzymes responsible for phenol degradation capability in bacteria and the genetic variation of the catabolic genes related to the phe operon among the positive isolates. In this study one hundred twenty five samples of contaminated soils have been collected from different sources at Baghdad city (89 samples from Daura refinery, 21 samples from private electricity generators and 15 samples from different farm lands). Collected samples have cultured on mineral salt medium as well as using differential and selective media, then diagnosed by classical biochemical tests and VITEK system beside using Housekeeping gene 16s rDNA for molecular diagnosis. The results of VITEK system revealed that 29 /89 (32.5 %) of samples from Daura refinery had P. aeroginosa isolates and only one sample 1/89 (1.1 %) of P. putida. On the other hand, none of the samples from generators (0 %) were P. aeroginosa and 5/21(23.8 %) were P. putida while 5/15 (33.3 %) samples of farm lands were P. aeroginosa and (0 %) were P. putida. Molecular diagnosis using 16S rDNA detected 40/125 (32 %) positive isolates for Pseudomonas sp.; 34 (85 %) isolates for P. aeruginosa and 6 (15 %) isolates for P. putida. Phenol degradation capability of the forty isolates has been tested on mineral salt medium using different concentrations of phenol (100 ppm to 1500 ppm) and all of them (100 %) were able to degrade phenol to 600 ppm but a number of 4 isolates (10 %) have exceeded this concentration to 1200 ppm and only one isolate (2.5 %) tolerated phenol to the maximum level which is 1500 ppm. Phenol degrading isolates were subjected to PCR technique to detect the phe-like genes: catechol 1, 2 dioxygenase (cat1), and catechol 2, 3 dioxygenase (cat2). As a result, this set of enzymes were found in the whole five (12.5 %) isolates that effectively degraded phenol to the concentration of 1200 ppm and 1500 ppm.

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“…Similarly, conventional technologies for decontaminating the pesticide-polluted sites, such as landfilling, chemical alteration, incineration, composting, etc., are being employed [18]. Due to the various limitations of these methods, such as secondary pollution induction, low-density sludge generation, restricted activity in acidic environments, etc., researchers have focused their attention on using bioremediation technologies that are environmentally friendly, low cost and highly efficient in degrading pollutants [1] The use of various microbial agents, such as bacteria, fungi, yeasts and algae, has received tremendous attention globally to remediate different matrixes contaminated with heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants [19]. Microbial remediation represents the most suitable and preferential technique in the current times of both environmental and economic crises, chiefly in developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Remediation: A Promising Tool for Reclamation of Contaminated Sites with Special Emphasis on Heavy Metal and Pesticide Pollution: A Review

et al. 2022

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Heavy metal and pesticide pollution have become an inevitable part of the modern industrialized environment that find their way into all ecosystems. Because of their persistent nature, recalcitrance, high toxicity and biological enrichment, metal and pesticide pollution has threatened the stability of the environment as well as the health of living beings. Due to the environmental persistence of heavy metals and pesticides, they get accumulated in the environs and consequently lead to food chain contamination. Therefore, remediation of heavy metals and pesticide contaminations needs to be addressed as a high priority. Various physico-chemical approaches have been employed for this purpose, but they have significant drawbacks such as high expenses, high labor, alteration in soil properties, disruption of native soil microflora and generation of toxic by-products. Researchers worldwide are focusing on bioremediation strategies to overcome this multifaceted problem, i.e., the removal, immobilization and detoxification of pesticides and heavy metals, in the most efficient and cost-effective ways. For a period of millions of evolutionary years, microorganisms have become resistant to intoxicants and have developed the capability to remediate heavy metal ions and pesticides, and as a result, they have helped in the restoration of the natural state of degraded environs with long term environmental benefits. Keeping in view the environmental and health concerns imposed by heavy metals and pesticides in our society, we aimed to present a generalized picture of the bioremediation capacity of microorganisms. We explore the use of bacteria, fungi, algae and genetically engineered microbes for the remediation of both metals and pesticides. This review summarizes the major detoxification pathways and bioremediation technologies; in addition to that, a brief account is given of molecular approaches such as systemic biology, gene editing and omics that have enhanced the bioremediation process and widened its microbiological techniques toward the remediation of heavy metals and pesticides.

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Microbial Consortia Are Needed to Degrade Soil Pollutants

Cited by 64 publications

References 117 publications

The Influence of Crops on the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Fertilized with Manure and Mineral Fertilizers

The Influence of Crops on the Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil Fertilized with Manure and Mineral Fertilizers

Molecular Analysis of phe Operon Genes determining Phenol-Degrading Pseudomonas sp. from Polluted Sites in Baghdad City

Microbial Remediation: A Promising Tool for Reclamation of Contaminated Sites with Special Emphasis on Heavy Metal and Pesticide Pollution: A Review

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