Microbial degradation of glycerol nitrates

Wendt, T M; Cornell, J H; Kaplan, Arthur M.

doi:10.1128/aem.36.5.693-699.1978

Cited by 68 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This finding is in agreement with previous work that reported a 3.1% decrease in NG concentration in shake-flask experiments in the absence of growth substrates. 21 To further investigate the issue of NG as a sole carbon source at low substrate concentrations, BOD assays were conducted using NG and EA, singly and in combination.…”

Section: Bench-scale Ng Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of an inhibitory nongrowth substrate (nitroglycerin) in batch reactors

Pesari

Grasso

1993

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Biodegradation of nitroglycerin (NG), an inhibitory, nongrowth substrate present in a multicomponent munition wastewater, was investigated in a pilot-scale batch reactor operated with both aerobic and anoxic cycles. A mixed culture was initially acclimated by gradual introduction of NG into influent and subsequently exposed to actual NG-laden production wastewater. System performance revealed that NG was amenable to aerobic biodegradation without adverse impact on removal efficiencies of other pollutants. Temporal NG concentration profiles indicated that an influent concentration of approximately 200 mg/L of NG was reduced to below detection limits in less than 5 h of aeration with no appreciable (<4%) biosorption. Failure of NG-acclimated cultures to utilize NG as a sole carbon source in bench-scale reactors suggested that NG behaved as a non-growth substrate and its degradation possibly occurred by cometabolism. Ethyl acetate present in the waste stream was an adequate growth substrate in terms of both biological and physicochemical properties. High concentrations of NO(3)-N, produced as a result of aerobic degradation of NG and other nitrogenous compounds of the waste, were treated in an anoxic phase. Approximately 95 mg/L of NO(3)-N was denitrified to below detection limits in 5 h of anoxia without the addition of external carbon sources. Two SRB cycle schemes with different static-fill times exhibited significant differences in treatment efficiencies.

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Section: Bench-scale Ng Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of an inhibitory nongrowth substrate (nitroglycerin) in batch reactors

Pesari

Grasso

1993

Biotech & Bioengineering

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“…Biotransformation of GTN was reported as taking place stepwise via the dinitrate and mononitrate isomers, with each successive step proceeding at lower rates (Accashian et al, 1998;Blehert et al, 1997;Christodoulatos et al, 1997;Meng et al, 1995;and Wendt et al, 1978). The accumulation and subsequent removal of GDNs occurred in the absence of detectable GMNs, indicating that GMN denitration was faster than GDN denitration (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors postulated a stepwise GTN biotransformation pathway via the dinitrate and mononitrate glycerol ester, with successive steps proceeding at slower rates. Nitrate esters were undetectable in effluent samples from the continuous bioreactor, but pure cultures isolated from the continuous bioreactor and subsequently grown in batch bioreactors were incapable of complete GTN denitration (Wendt et al, 1978). The authors observed little or no reduction in GTN concentration in controls without supplemental carbon, suggesting that biological transformation (biotransformation) of GTN was a co-metabolic process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early reports of GTN biotransformation (Wendt et al, 1978) used activated sludge, in batch and continuous biological reactors (bioreactors), supplemented with excess primary carbon sources. The authors postulated a stepwise GTN biotransformation pathway via the dinitrate and mononitrate glycerol ester, with successive steps proceeding at slower rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic Biodegradation of Nitroglycerin in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Accashian¹,

Smets²,

Kim³

2000

Water Environment Research

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Biological treatment of nitroglycerin (glycerol trinitrate [GTN]) by a mixed microbial culture was examined under aerobic conditions in a bench-scale sequencing batch reactor with GTN present as a minor component in the feed. Initial operation demonstrated the resistance of GTN and glycerol dinitrates (GDNs) to microbial attack. The presence of GTN and GDNs adversely affected microbial activity, reflected by erratic mixed liquor suspended solids concentrations and low chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies. Complete removal of GTN and GDNs was contingent on addition of a GTN-adapted inoculum. Transient accumulation and subsequent removal of 1,2-GDN, 1,3-GDN, and nitrite were measured during individual reaction cycles. Complete mineralization of GTN was confirmed and GDN denitration was the rate limiting step governing GTN mineralization. Water Environ. Res., 72, 499 (2000).

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“…Ducrocq et al (3,4) showed that certain yeast and mycelial fungi can convert GTN to a mixture of glyceryl dinitrates (GDNs) and glyceryl mononitrates (GMNs). Wendt et al (19), in their pioneering studies, proposed that the bacterial metabolism of GTN occurs via sequential denitration to GDN and GMN and speculated that the GMN was further denitrated to form glycerol. However, the degradation was not complete, as GDN and GMN were still present in the spent medium (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of glyceryl trinitrate by Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx

Zhang¹,

Sundaram²,

Sharma³

et al. 1997

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx, isolated from a contaminated water wet, double-base propellant, was able to completely degrade glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in a buffered medium (pH 7.0) containing glucose and ammonium nitrate. In the presence of 12 mg of initial fungal inoculum, GTN (48.5 to 61.6 mol) was quantitatively transformed in a stepwise process to glyceryl dinitrate (GDN) and glyceryl mononitrate (GMN) within 48 h followed by a decrease in the GDN content with a concomitant increase in the GMN level. GDN was totally transformed to GMN within 168 h, and the complete degradation of GMN was achieved within 336 h. The presence of glucose and ammonium nitrate in the growth medium was essential for completion of the degradation of GTN and its metabolites. Complete degradation of GTN by a fungal culture has not been previously reported in the literature.

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Microbial degradation of glycerol nitrates

Cited by 68 publications

References 8 publications

Biodegradation of an inhibitory nongrowth substrate (nitroglycerin) in batch reactors

Biodegradation of an inhibitory nongrowth substrate (nitroglycerin) in batch reactors

Aerobic Biodegradation of Nitroglycerin in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Biodegradation of glyceryl trinitrate by Penicillium corylophilum Dierckx

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