Microbial Diversity in the Gut of Cashew Stem Girdler, Analeptes trifasciata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), in Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract

The cashew stem girdler, Analeptes trifasciata, is a major insect pest of cashew in Nigeria causing economic damage in cashew plantations even at low density. In this study, newly emerged adults of A. trifasciata reared from field-infested cashew stems were collected from the rearing cages, sexed, and dissected to reveal the internal structures of the insects. The gut was excised and separated into the foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The dissected gut compartments were blotted dry by sandwiching in sterile Whatman No. 1 (150 mm) filter paper for a minute. The inoculated gut parts showed the presence of eight fungi flora, namely, Aspergillus repens, Trichoderma spp., Fusarium verticillioides, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, yeast, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium spp., and Rhizopus stolonifer. The frequencies of occurrence of bacteria in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata were Enterobacter spp.: 83.33%; Escherichia coli and Streptococcus spp.: 55.56% each; Staphylococcus spp.: 44.44%; Klebsiella pneumonia: 50% and Salmonella shigella: 11.11%, while each of Serratia marceascea, Pseudomonas spp., and Micrococcus lutea had 5.56% occurrence. The occurrence of mycoflora and microbiota species varied in the gut compartments of A. trifasciata, indicating the role of these microorganisms in metabolic and other bioprocesses of A. trifasciata during digestion and synthesis of complex food substances from the cashew stem substrate. This study would provide basic information for enzymatic studies of A. trifasciata with a view to developing an integrated pest management (IPM) protocol for managing the pest in cashew plantations.

Bacterial and fungal gut communities of Agrilus mali at different developmental stages and fed different diets

“…are recognized as recurrent diazotrophs that contribute to beetle nitrogen requirements and sometimes are closely related to pathogenic bacteria obtained from the environment 32 , 33 . Pseudomonas has been isolated in most Coleoptera insects due to its encoded cellulolytic enzyme capacity, which may be involved in terpene transformation of plant resin compounds 36 , 45 , 46 . For the fungal community, a continuous decrease in the fungal taxa Wallemia , Candida , Asterotremella , Cladosporium and Verticillium were also observed to be abundant in larvae.…”

“…Serratia is often isolated from the guts of insects in the wood-feeding Coleoptera order, possessing potential characteristics related to the degradation of lignocellulose and xylan and for fermentative metabolism 34 , 38 . Staphylococcus is commonly present in the environment and is a symbiont in the guts of many insect, including Drosophila melanogaster , Culex quinquefasciatus , Analeptes trifasciata and Asobara tabida 46 , 49 . Cryptococcus and Penicillium , yeast-like symbionts, were reported to be involved in uric acid (UA) catabolism via turning UA into amino acids for insects 20 .…”

Divergence in Gut Bacterial Community Among Life Stages of the Rainbow Stag Beetle Phalacrognathus muelleri (Coleptera: Lucanidae)

“…These species are considered to be serious pests of forests, as they grow and develop while feeding on lignocellulose [ 12 , 13 ]. Many studies have investigated gut microbial species that are critical for the development and survival of the hosts [ 14 , 15 ]. The aim of these studies was to identify how to damage and alter the core microbiota to cause the death of pests, thereby developing new pest control strategies [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

A Molecular Survey of Bacterial Species in the Guts of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Reared on Two Urban Organic Waste Streams in Kenya

“…are Gram-positive bacteria and are commonly found as symbionts in the guts of different insect species like the common fruit fly Drospholia melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae), the southern house mosquito Culex quinquesfasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), Analeptes trifasciata Fabr. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and the drosophila parasitoid wasp Asobara tabida (Nees) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) ( Zouache et al, 2009 ; Oyedokun and Adeniyi, 2016 ). Staphylococci are well known for developing antibiotic resistance as well as causing food-borne diseases and nosocomial infections ( Kadariya et al, 2014 ).…”