Microbial Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of the Bacterial Isolates in a Tertiary Care Psychiatry Hospital

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance is a challenge for effective management of infections as it increases the morbidity, mortality and costs of treating infectious diseases. AIMS: This study was aimed to obtain the profile of the bacterial isolates and their antibiotic resistance pattern. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: It is a cross sectional study carried out in a tertiary care psychiatry hospital in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Isolation and identification of the isolates were done by standard methods. Susceptibility patterns were checked by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 16.0 version to calculate the frequencies as well as for cross tabulation. RESULTS: Significant bacterial growth observed in 43(25.6%) samples, of which 39(90.7%) showed resistant to at least one of the antibiotics used and 36(83.7%) were multi-drug resistant. Gram negative organism accounted for the 25(58.14%) of total significant isolates, Escherichia coli being the highest (76%) in this group. Among multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates E.coli was the highest (44.4%) and imipenem resistance was also observed in 1(5.3%) of 19 E.coli isolates. Among the 43 isolates 18(41.86%) were Gram positive with Streptococcus spp. showing incidence of 41.7% among the total MDR isolates. CONCLUSION: Increasing incidence of MDR strains seen in the population requires continuous monitoring and a restricted use of antibiotics to keep a check on resistance pattern, for effective treatment plan.