Microbial susceptibility and resistance to chemical and physical agents

Russell, A. D.

doi:10.1002/9780470688618.taw0017

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 283 publications

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“…Indeed, it has been observed in Escherichia coli pure cultures that the number of crystal violet-permeable cells doubles when incubated at 55 8C, and linearly increases with incubation time as more cells are damaged (Tsuchido et al, 1985). Moreover, membranes of many non-sporulating bacteria are greatly affected by temperatures above 50 8C (Russell, 1998). However, poor ATP/cell concentration correlations were also observed for the multi-step shear, low-power sonication and low-temp heat experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Extraction of Microorganisms From Water‐Saturated, Packed Sediment

Ugolini

Schroth²,

Bürgmann³

et al. 2014

Water Environment Research

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Microbial characterization of aquifers should include samples of both suspended and attached microorganisms (biofilms). We investigated the effect of shear, sonication, and heat on the extraction of microorganisms from water‐saturated, packed sediment columns containing established biofilms. Shear was studied by increasing flow velocity of the column eluent, sonication by treating the columns with ultrasound at different power levels, and heat by warming up the column eluent to different temperatures. Effluent cell concentrations were used as a measure of extraction efficiency. Dissolved organic carbon and adenosine tri‐phosphate (ATP) concentrations were used to corroborate cell‐extraction results. Additionally, ATP was used as an indicator of cell‐membrane integrity. Extraction quality was determined by comparing terminal‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (T‐RFLP) profiles of extracted bacterial communities with destructively sampled sediment‐community profiles. Sonication and heat increased the extraction efficiency up to 200‐fold and yielded communities comparable to the sediment community. These treatments showed high potential for in‐situ application in aquifers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Extraction of Microorganisms From Water‐Saturated, Packed Sediment

Ugolini

Schroth²,

Bürgmann³

et al. 2014

Water Environment Research

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“…Its chemical formula is H 2 O 2 and its structure is shown in Figure 8.7. The bactericidal action of hydrogen peroxide is due to generation of hydroxyl radicals that oxidize thiol groups in proteins (Russell, 1998;Denyer and Stewart, 1998). Hydrogen peroxide produces oxygen from ∆ ∆…”

Section: Hydrogen Peroxidementioning

confidence: 99%

The Control of Microbiological Problems∗∗Some excerpts taken from Bajpai P (2012). Biotechnology for Pulp and Paper Processing with kind permission from Springer Science1Business Media.

Bajpai

2015

Pulp and Paper Industry

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“…Chl-T fungusit, bakterisit ve virüsit olarak kullanılmasının yanında tüberküloz, ayak-ağız hastalığı ve kuş gribi gibi mikobakterilere karşı da etkilidir (Russell, 1998). Bu özelliklerin yanında, Chl-T, tatlı su balıklarında solungaç hastalıklarını önlemek veya bu hastalıklarda korunmak için de kullanılmaktadır (Thorburn ve Moccia, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Investigation of the Effect of Oxidative Stress in Gill Tissue on the Brain Tissue c-Fos and BDNF Gene Expression after Chloramine-T Application of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Arslan¹,

Özdemir²

2019

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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ÖzetKloramin-T, balıklarda solungaç hastalıklarını önlemek ve/veya bu hastalıklardan korunmak için kullanılan bir kimyasaldır. Birçok balık türünde solungaçlarda oluşan bakteriyel hastalıklar kloramin-T uygulanarak kontrol altına alınmaktadır. Ancak yanlış kloramin-T uygulaması sucul canlılarda oksidatif strese neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, gökkuşağı alabalıklarına (Oncorhynchus mykiss) uygulanan kloramin-T'nin solungaçlarda oluşturacağı oksidatif stres düzeyinin araştırılması ve bu stresin beyindeki nöronal aktiviteyi etkileyip etkilemediğinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç için gökkuşağı alabalıklarına sub-lethal dozda (2.8 mg/L) 0-1-24-48-72 ve 96 saat kloramin-T uygulaması yapıldı. Daha sonra antioksidant enzimleri kodlayan genlerin ( süperoksit dismütaz 1 (SOD1), süperoksit dismütaz 2 (SOD2), katalaz (CAT), glutathion peroksidaz 1 (GPX1), glutathion peroksidaz 4 (GPX4)) mRNA transkript seviyeleri qRT-PCR ile ölçüldü. Son olarak beyin dokularında nöronal aktiviteyi ölçmek amacıyla c-Fos ve BDNF genlerine ait ekspresyon seviyeleri yine qRT-PCR ile belirlendi. Kloramin-T uygulanan balıkların solungaçlarında SOD1, SOD2, CAT ve GPX1 genlerinin ekspresyon seviyelerinin kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede arttığı gözlemlendi. Ancak GPX4 geninde önemli bir artış gözlemlenmedi. Aynı balıkların beyin dokuları incelendiğinde c-fos ve BDNF ekspresyonlarının benzer şekilde kontrol grubuna göre artış gösterdiği belirlendi. Çalışmadan elde edilen bu sonuçlar, aşırı ve/veya yanlış kloramin-T uygulamasının gökkuşağı alabalıklarının solungaç dokularında oksidatif strese neden olduğunu ve oksidatif strese maruz kalan balıkların beyin dokularında nöronal aktivitenin negatif yönde etkilendiğini göstermektedir. AbstractChloramine-T is a chemical used to prevent and/or protect gill diseases in fish. In many fish species, bacterial diseases that occur in the gills are controlled by chloramine-T application. However, the wrong application of chloramine-T causes oxidative stress in aquatic organisms. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the oxidative stress level of chloramine-T applied to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in gills and to investigate whether this stress affects neuronal activity in brain. For this purpose, rainbow trout were used sublethal dose (2.8 mg / L) 0-1-24-48-72 and 96 hours of chloramine-T. The levels of mRNA transcripts of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)) were measured by qRT-PCR. Finally, expression levels of c-Fos and BDNF genes were determined by qRT-PCR to measure neuronal activity in brain tissues. It was observed that the expression levels of SOD1, SOD2, CAT and GPX1 genes increased significantly in TÜRK TARIM ve DOĞA BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ TURKISH JOURNAL of AGRICULTURAL and NATURAL SCIENCES https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.515353

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Microbial susceptibility and resistance to chemical and physical agents

Cited by 4 publications

References 283 publications

Physical Extraction of Microorganisms From Water‐Saturated, Packed Sediment

Physical Extraction of Microorganisms From Water‐Saturated, Packed Sediment

The Control of Microbiological Problems∗∗Some excerpts taken from Bajpai P (2012). Biotechnology for Pulp and Paper Processing with kind permission from Springer Science1Business Media.

Investigation of the Effect of Oxidative Stress in Gill Tissue on the Brain Tissue c-Fos and BDNF Gene Expression after Chloramine-T Application of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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