Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures: A New Category within the Classification of Primary Sedimentary Structures

Noffke, Nora; Gerdes, Gisela; Klenke, Thomas; Krumbein, Wolfgang E.

doi:10.1306/2dc4095d-0e47-11d7-8643000102c1865d

Cited by 430 publications

(289 citation statements)

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“…The frequent amalgamation of coarse sandstones, inferred as storm units with or without erosion, also corroborates the near-coastal condition of deposition of these units (Bose et al, 2001. The rectangular to polygonal desiccation cracks in non-cohesive sandstone owe their origin to microbial mats (cf., Noffke et al, 2001;Sarkar et al, 2008Sarkar et al, , 2014Eriksson et al, 2010;Samanta et al, 2011Samanta et al, , 2015. The wrinkles on sandstone bed-tops may have originated by gentle shear by waves or through currents acting on cohesive mat layers (Sarkar et al, , 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale, Vindhyan basin, Son valley, central India

Samanta

Mukhopadhyay

Eriksson

2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The present paper highlights the sequence development within the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale Member of the Kheinjua Formation, Vindhyan Supergroup which records the occurrence of a forced regressive wedge and associated discontinuity surfaces at the base of the wedge. Nine lithofacies have been identified within the study area that are grouped into three lithofacies associations varying in depositional setting from outer shelf, through shorefaceforeshore-beach to continental braidplain. The outer shelf sediments are aggradational to slightly progradational representing highstand systems tract. The rapidly progradational, wedge-shaped shoreface to foreshore-beach succession occurs sharply or erosively above the outer shelf sediments and is bounded by a regressive surface of marine erosion (RSME) at the base and by a subaerial unconformity at the top. This, along with its downstepping trajectory, supports deposition of this sedimentary wedge during falling sea level. A laterally extensive soft sediment deformation zone occurs at the base of the wedge.The forced regressive wedge is incised by fluvial braidplain deposits that rest on an erosive surface representing a sequence boundary. The thin braidplain deposits are the product of aggradation during a subsequent early rise in relative sea level, and thus, they are inferred to represent a lowstand systems tract. The constituent architectural elements that characterize the braidplain deposits are downstream accretion elements and small channel elements. Further 1 landward, the base and top of the shoreface wedge merge to form an unconformity across deposits that rest directly on the outer shelf sediments. The identification of forced regressive wedges has significant economic importance in view of the potential occurrence of hydrocarbons within the Proterozoic formations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale, Vindhyan basin, Son valley, central India

Samanta

Mukhopadhyay

Eriksson

2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Quite apart from the possible veracity of any environmental bias (or lack thereof) of MRS, detailed genetic processes which can be read through careful study of MRS, can well complement standard clastic sedimentary facies analysis (e.g., Schieber et al, 2007a). This point is reinforced by the seminal work of Noffke (2001a), wherein she coined the term MISS (microbially-induced sedimentary structures), and wherein she suggested they be added as a new group to the existing classification schemes for the physically formed sedimentary structures (see also, Noffke, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various classification schemes have been proposed for preserved mat features in the clastic rock record (e.g., Noffke et al, 2001a;Schieber, 2004;Sarkar et al, 2008;Noffke, 2010); we here use that of Schieber (op. cit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies attempting to relate different microbial mat features (the "MISS" -microbiallyinduced sedimentary structures -of Noffke et al, 2001a; cf., "MRS", a broader acronym for mat-related structures including those not directly induced by microbes, Eriksson et al, 2010) preserved in clastic sedimentary rocks to specific (palaeo)environments or even 3 to parts of identified depositional settings have been limited (e.g., Schieber et al, 2007c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A case study of microbial mat-related features in coastal epeiric sandstones from the Paleoproterozoic Pretoria Group (Transvaal Supergroup, Kaapvaal craton, South Africa); The effect of preservation (reflecting sequence stratigraphic models) on the relationship between mat features and inferred paleoenvironment

Eriksson¹,

Bartman²,

Catuneanu³

et al. 2012

Sedimentary Geology

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The Magaliesberg Formation sandstones within the upper part of the Pretoria Group are interpreted as a second-order highstand systems tract within an overall clastic epeiric marine setting, where episodic braided fluvial systems fed sediment directly into a tidally dominated coastline setting. Mat-related features are abundantly preserved within the inferred tidal flat and supratidal deposits. The Daspoort Formation sandstones at a lower stratigraphic level are ascribed to a closely analogous palaeoenvironmental setting, yet have hardly any preserved mat features at all; they are ascribed to a second-order transgressive systems tract in a sequence stratigraphic framework. During highstand the depositional systems are inferred to have aggraded, thus preserving the mat-related features formed in Magaliesberg intertidal-supratidal environments. During second-order transgression, the formation of the wave/tidal ravinement surface in the 2 subtidal/intertidal environments largely obliterated the features of the Daspoort intertidal and supratidal environments, leading to a paucity of mat-related structures in the preserved Daspoort succession. This case study thus supports the application of mat-related features to integrated palaeoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphic analysis, while emphasizing the role of preservation.

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“…Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) were produced by the interaction 41 between microbial activities and physical sedimentary processes in ancient siliciclastic and 42 carbonate depositional systems (Hagadorn and Bottjer, 1997;Noffke et al, 2001; Noffke, 43 2009Noffke, 43 , 2010. These structures are always preserved on the upper surfaces of the substrate, 44 which now form rock bedding planes, but it is hard to observe the original microbial mats 45 because of destruction during diagenetic processes that followed MISS formation.…”

Section: Introduction 40mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial mats in the terrestrial Lower Triassic of North China and implications for the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

Chu

Tong

Bottjer

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures: A New Category within the Classification of Primary Sedimentary Structures

Cited by 430 publications

References 50 publications

Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale, Vindhyan basin, Son valley, central India

Forced regressive wedge in the Mesoproterozoic Koldaha Shale, Vindhyan basin, Son valley, central India

Microbial mats in the terrestrial Lower Triassic of North China and implications for the Permian–Triassic mass extinction

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